Ants play essential roles in most terrestrial ecosystems and may be considered pests for agriculture and agroforestry. Recent morphological and molecular data have challenged conventional ant phylogeny and the interpretation of karyotypic variations. Existing Neotropical ant cytogenetic data focus on Atlantic rainforest species, and provide evolutionary and taxonomic insight. However, there are data for only 18 Amazonian species. In this study, we describe the karyotypes of 16 ant species belonging to 12 genera and three subfamilies, collected in the Brazilian state of Amapá, and in French Guiana. The karyotypes of six species are described for the first time, including that of the South American genus Allomerus Mayr, 1878. The karyotype of Crematogaster Lund, 1831 is also described for the first time for the New World. For other species, extant data for geographically distinct populations was compared with our own data, e.g. for the leafcutter ants Acromyrmex balzani (Emery, 1890) and Atta sexdens (Linnaeus, 1758). The information obtained for the karyotype of Dolichoderus imitator Emery, 1894 differs from extant data from the Atlantic forest, thereby highlighting the importance of population cytogenetic approaches. This study also emphasizes the need for good chromosome preparations for studying karyotype structure.

中文翻译：

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来自东北亚马逊地区的16种蚂蚁物种的细胞遗传学数据，并对3个亚科有系统发育的见解。

蚂蚁在大多数陆地生态系统中起着至关重要的作用，并且可以被视为农业和农林业的害虫。最近的形态学和分子数据已经挑战了常规蚂蚁的系统发育和对核型变异​​的解释。现有的新热带蚁细胞遗传学数据集中在大西洋雨林物种上，并提供了进化和分类学上的见识。但是，只有18种亚马逊物种的数据。在这项研究中，我们描述了在巴西阿马帕州和法属圭亚那收集的，属于12个属和3个亚科的16种蚂蚁的核型。首次描述了六个物种的核型，包括1878年南美种属Allomerus Mayr的核型。1831年的Crematogaster Lund的核型也首次被描述为新大陆。对于其他物种，将地理上不同人群的现有数据与我们自己的数据进行了比较，例如切叶蚁Acromyrmex balzani（Emery，1890年）和Atta sexdens（Linnaeus，1758年）。1894年获得的模仿Dolichoderus模仿者Emery的核型的信息与来自大西洋森林的现有数据有所不同，因此突出了种群细胞遗传学方法的重要性。这项研究还强调了研究染色体核型结构的良好染色体准备的必要性。从而突出了群体细胞遗传学方法的重要性。这项研究还强调了研究染色体核型结构的良好染色体准备的必要性。从而突出了群体细胞遗传学方法的重要性。这项研究还强调了研究染色体核型结构的良好染色体准备的必要性。