Gene-based therapy largely relies on the vector type that allows a selective and efficient transfection into the target cells with maximum efficacy and minimal toxicity. Although, genes delivered utilizing modified viruses transfect efficiently and precisely, these vectors can cause severe immunological responses and are potentially carcinogenic. A promising method of overcoming this limitation is the use of non-viral vectors, including cationic lipids, polymers, dendrimers, and peptides, which offer potential routes for compacting DNA for targeted delivery. Although non-viral vectors exhibit reduced transfection efficiency compared to their viral counterpart, their superior biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity and potential for large-scale production make them increasingly attractive for modern therapy. There has been a great deal of interest in the development of biomimetic chimeric peptides. Biomimetic chimeric peptides contain different motifs for gene translocation into the nucleus of the desired cells. They have motifs for gene targeting into the desired cell, condense DNA into nanosize particles, translocate the gene into the nucleus and enhance the release of the particle into the cytoplasm. These carriers were developed in recent years. This review highlights the stepwise development of the biomimetic chimeric peptides currently being used in gene delivery.

基于基因的疗法在很大程度上依赖于载体类型，该载体类型能够以最大的功效和最小的毒性选择性高效地转染入靶细胞。尽管利用修饰的病毒传递的基因可以高效，精确地转染，但是这些载体会引起严重的免疫反应，并可能致癌。克服这一局限性的一种有前途的方法是使用非病毒载体，包括阳离子脂质，聚合物，树状聚合物和肽，它们提供了压实DNA进行靶向递送的潜在途径。尽管与病毒对应物相比，非病毒载体表现出降低的转染效率，但其优越的生物相容性，非免疫原性和大规模生产的潜力使它们对现代疗法越来越有吸引力。仿生嵌合肽的开发引起了极大的兴趣。仿生嵌合肽包含不同的基序，用于基因易位到所需细胞的核中。它们具有用于将基因靶向所需细胞，将DNA浓缩成纳米级颗粒，将基因转移到细胞核中并增强颗粒向细胞质中释放的基序。这些载体是近年来开发的。这篇综述强调了目前用于基因传递的仿生嵌合肽的逐步开发。将基因转移到细胞核中，并增强颗粒向细胞质中的释放。这些载体是近年来开发的。这篇综述强调了目前用于基因传递的仿生嵌合肽的逐步开发。将基因转移到细胞核中，并增强颗粒向细胞质中的释放。这些载体是近年来开发的。这篇综述强调了目前用于基因传递的仿生嵌合肽的逐步开发。