We prospectively evaluated serum concentrations of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), total tau (T-Tau), and neurofilament light (NF-L) from collegiate athletes at baseline and acutely after sport-related concussion (SRC) using the Quanterix Neurology 4Plex “B” (N4PB) multiplex assay. Uninjured controls were matched on age, sex, race, sport, and concussion history. Clinical outcomes included acute symptom severity, balance, rapid automated naming, computerized cognitive testing, and recovery duration. Baseline (n = 110; median [interquartile range] age = 19 [18–20] years, 54% male, 61% white/Caucasian) and post-SRC (n = 36; median [interquartile range] age = 19 [18–20] years, 50% male, 61% white/Caucasian) blood samples were analyzed. We observed post-SRC elevations from baseline for GFAP (p = 0.001, d = 1.7), T-Tau (p = 0.004, d = 1.3), and NF-L (p = 0.010, d = 1.1). GFAP (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.958, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.927–0.989, p < 0.001) and NF-L (AUC = 0.904, 95% CI 0.851–0.957, p < 0.001) accurately discriminated SRC from control cases. There were no associations between biomarker concentrations and clinical measurements post-SRC or recovery duration. These findings suggest that, using the multiplex assay, GFAP, T-Tau, and NF-L elevate from baseline acutely after SRC, and both GFAP and NF-L excellently distinguished concussed from control cases. Serum biomarker changes do not necessarily correspond with clinical measurements or recovery duration.

中文翻译：

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运动相关脑震荡对血清神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白、泛素 C 端水解酶 L1、总 Tau 和神经丝光的急性影响，通过多重分析测量。

我们前瞻性地评估了大学生运动员在基线和术后急性期的神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白 (GFAP)、泛素 c 端水解酶 L1 (UCH-L1)、总 tau (T-Tau) 和神经丝光 (NF-L) 的血清浓度。运动相关脑震荡 (SRC) 使用 Quanterix Neurology 4Plex “B” (N4PB) 多重检测。未受伤的对照组在年龄、性别、种族、运动和脑震荡史方面进行匹配。临床结果包括急性症状严重程度、平衡、快速自动命名、计算机化认知测试和恢复持续时间。基线（n  = 110；中位数 [四分位距] 年龄 = 19 [18-20] 岁，54% 男性，61% 白人/白种人）和 SRC 后（n = 36; 分析了中位数 [四分位距] 年龄 = 19 [18-20] 岁，50% 男性，61% 白人/白种人）血液样本。我们观察到 GFAP（p  = 0.001，d  = 1.7）、T-Tau（p  = 0.004，d  = 1.3）和 NF-L（p  = 0.010，d  = 1.1）的 SRC 后升高。GFAP（曲线下面积 [AUC] = 0.958，95% 置信区间 [CI] 0.927–0.989，p  < 0.001）和 NF-L（AUC = 0.904，95% CI 0.851–0.957，p < 0.001) 准确地将 SRC 与对照案例区分开来。生物标志物浓度与 SRC 后或恢复持续时间的临床测量值之间没有关联。这些发现表明，使用多重测定，GFAP、T-Tau 和 NF-L 在 SRC 后从基线急剧升高，并且 GFAP 和 NF-L 都可以很好地将脑震荡与对照病例区分开来。血清生物标志物的变化不一定与临床测量或恢复持续时间相对应。