Phosphatase and the tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) has pleiotropic effects on cell growth, organ development, glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in mammals. In the present study, we investigated the molecular characteristics, phylogeny and expression profile of the PTEN gene in different tissues of Jianzhou Daer goats. In this study, eight different tissues from E90, E135 and D90 female goats were collected to quantify the expression pattern of the PTEN gene using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), western blotting and FISH. In addition, the dynamic expression of PTEN was also determined during the differentiation of goat precursor adipose cells. A 1212-bp fragment (accession number MG923848), encoding a 403-amino acid protein with a putative molecular weight of 47.14 kDa, was identified in Jianzhou Daer goats by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The phylogenetic tree showed that caprine PTEN had a relatively close relationship with ovine PTEN and bovine PTEN. qPCR revealed that PTEN was highly expressed in the liver, lung and spleen, while the lowest expression levels were observed in muscle tissues (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of the PTEN gene showed a decreasing trend during the differentiation of goat precursor adipose cells. RNA in situ hybridization yielded a consistent result with the qPCR data. Indeed, low protein expression was found in psoas major muscle and longissimus dorsi muscle, as well as in kidney and liver. However, PTEN protein was expressed at the highest level in the brain. The expression levels of PTEN mRNA and protein were inconsistent with each other, possibly because of post-transcriptional regulation. The findings obtained in our study lay a foundation for further investigations examining the caprine PTEN gene in embryo and organ development.

中文翻译：

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PTEN基因在山羊中的分子特征，系统发育和表达谱。

第十染色体（PTEN）缺失的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物对哺乳动物的细胞生长，器官发育，葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素抵抗具有多效作用。在本研究中，我们研究了剑州达尔山羊不同组织中PTEN基因的分子特征，系统发育和表达谱。在这项研究中，收集了八只来自E90，E135和D90雌性山羊的组织，以定量实时PCR（qPCR），蛋白质印迹和FISH定量PTEN基因的表达模式。另外，PTEN的动态表达在山羊前体脂肪细胞分化过程中也确定了这一点。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）在建州达尔山羊中鉴定出一个1212 bp的片段（登录号MG923848），编码一个403个氨基酸的蛋白质，推定分子量为47.14 kDa。系统进化树表明，山羊PTEN与绵羊PTEN和牛PTEN的关系较近。qPCR显示PTEN在肝，肺和脾中高表达，而在肌肉组织中最低（P  <0.05）。而且，PTEN的表达该基因在山羊前体脂肪细胞分化过程中呈下降趋势。RNA原位杂交产生与qPCR数据一致的结果。实际上，在腰大肌和背最长肌以及肾脏和肝脏中发现了低蛋白表达。但是，PTEN蛋白在大脑中以最高水平表达。PTEN mRNA和蛋白的表达水平彼此不一致，可能是由于转录后调控所致。我们在研究中获得的发现为进一步研究鼠类PTEN基因在胚胎和器官发育中的研究奠定了基础。