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Vitiligo: Mechanisms of Pathogenesis and Treatment.
Annual Review of Immunology ( IF 29.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-04 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-100919-023531 Michael L Frisoli 1 , Kingsley Essien 1 , John E Harris 1
Annual Review of Immunology ( IF 29.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-04 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-100919-023531 Michael L Frisoli 1 , Kingsley Essien 1 , John E Harris 1
Affiliation
Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease of the skin that targets pigment-producing melanocytes and results in patches of depigmentation that are visible as white spots. Recent research studies have yielded a strong mechanistic understanding of this disease. Autoreactive cytotoxic CD8+ T cells engage melanocytes and promote disease progression through the local production of IFN-γ, and IFN-γ-induced chemokines are then secreted from surrounding keratinocytes to further recruit T cells to the skin through a positive-feedback loop. Both topical and systemic treatments that block IFN-γ signaling can effectively reverse vitiligo in humans; however, disease relapse is common after stopping treatments. Autoreactive resident memory T cells are responsible for relapse, and new treatment strategies focus on eliminating these cells to promote long-lasting benefit. Here, we discuss basic, translational, and clinical research studies that provide insight into the pathogenesis of vitiligo, and how this insight has been utilized to create new targeted treatment strategies.
中文翻译:
白癜风:发病机制和治疗。
白癜风是一种皮肤自身免疫性疾病,其目标是产生色素的黑色素细胞,并导致可见的白斑脱色斑块。最近的研究对这种疾病产生了强烈的机制理解。自身反应性细胞毒性 CD8+ T 细胞与黑色素细胞结合并通过局部产生 IFN-γ 促进疾病进展,然后 IFN-γ 诱导的趋化因子从周围的角质形成细胞中分泌出来,通过正反馈回路进一步将 T 细胞募集到皮肤。阻断 IFN-γ 信号传导的局部和全身治疗都可以有效逆转人类的白癜风;然而,停止治疗后疾病复发是常见的。自身反应性常驻记忆 T 细胞负责复发,新的治疗策略侧重于消除这些细胞以促进长期获益。
更新日期:2020-04-27
中文翻译:
白癜风:发病机制和治疗。
白癜风是一种皮肤自身免疫性疾病,其目标是产生色素的黑色素细胞,并导致可见的白斑脱色斑块。最近的研究对这种疾病产生了强烈的机制理解。自身反应性细胞毒性 CD8+ T 细胞与黑色素细胞结合并通过局部产生 IFN-γ 促进疾病进展,然后 IFN-γ 诱导的趋化因子从周围的角质形成细胞中分泌出来,通过正反馈回路进一步将 T 细胞募集到皮肤。阻断 IFN-γ 信号传导的局部和全身治疗都可以有效逆转人类的白癜风;然而,停止治疗后疾病复发是常见的。自身反应性常驻记忆 T 细胞负责复发,新的治疗策略侧重于消除这些细胞以促进长期获益。