Use of pesticides continues to be indiscriminate, and birds are one of the worst affected non-targeted organisms. Information on the ill effects of pesticides on birds far from desired in India. Despite the presence of a wide variety and number of birds, there is exceedingly little data on organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues in colonial nesting birds in sanctuaries of India. A total of 76 individuals belonging to 14 species of birds found dead between March 2008 and March 2010 were analyzed for pesticide residues in various tissues. Of all the OCPs analyzed, concentration of HCH was found to be the highest. Magnitude of contamination varied widely among species. Accumulation pattern of OCPs in colonial nesting birds was in the order ∑HCH > ∑endosulfan > ∑DDT > heptachlor epoxide > dieldrin. Pesticides, namely p,p-DDE and β-HCH contributed most towards the total OCPs. Concentrations of DDT and its metabolites, HCH and isomers, dieldrin, and heptachlor epoxide were lower than the concentrations reported for various species of birds elsewhere in India. Although the sanctuaries presently studied have official boundaries, physical demarcations are missing and there are no proper earthen dykes particularly in Vedanthangal and Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuaries. During monsoon, runoff not only floods the Sanctuaries but also the cultivated areas nearby. Run off brings in residues of pesticides and fertilizers from the agricultural lands into the sanctuaries. Although OCP results in this study were below threshold limits, it may be noted that the long duration exposure even to low levels of pesticides could create a significant impact at population level. Hence, earthen dykes need to be built to avoid agricultural runoff entering the Sanctuary and also help to hold sufficient amount of water for breeding birds.

中文翻译：

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印度泰米尔纳德邦殖民地筑巢鸟类中的有机氯农药残留：从繁殖地进行的处女评估。

农药的使用仍然是不加区别的，鸟类是受影响最严重的非目标生物之一。在印度，关于农药对鸟类的不良影响的信息远远不够。尽管存在各种各样的鸟类，但印度庇护所中殖民地筑巢鸟类中有机氯农药（OCP）残留的数据极少。对2008年3月至2010年3月间发现的死亡鸟类的76个个体（属于14种鸟类）进行了分析，以分析其各种组织中的农药残留。在所有分析的OCP中，六氯环己烷的浓度最高。物种之间的污染程度差异很大。OCP在殖民地筑巢禽类中的积累方式为∑HCH> ∑硫丹> ∑DDT>七氯环氧化物>狄氏剂。农药，即p p-DDE和β-HCH对OCP总量的贡献最大。滴滴涕及其代谢产物，六氯环己烷和异构体，狄氏剂和七氯环氧化物的浓度低于印度其他地方各种鸟类报道的浓度。尽管目前研究的避难所有官方界限，但缺少物理上的分界线，也没有适当的土堤，尤其是在韦丹汉加尔（Vedanthangal）和昆达库拉姆鸟类保护区中。在季风期间，径流不仅淹没了圣所，而且淹没了附近的耕地。径流将农田中的农药和化肥残留物带入庇护所。尽管本研究中的OCP结果低于阈值限制，但应注意的是，即使长时间接触低水平的农药，也可能对人口水平产生重大影响。因此，