Background The present study aimed to determine changes occurring in the erythrocyte concentrations of Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg) and Phosphorous (P) of subjects with different levels of physical training living in the same area of Extremadura (Spain). Methods Thirty sedentary subjects (24.34 ± 3.02 years) without sports practice and a less active lifestyle, formed the control group (CG); 24 non-professional subjects (23.53 ± 1.85 years), who perform between 4 and 6 h/week of moderate sports practice without any performance objective and without following systematic training formed the group of subjects with a moderate level of training (MTG), and 22 professional cyclists (23.29 ± 2.73 years) at the beginning of their sports season, who performed more than 20 h/week of training, formed the high-level training group (HTG). Erythrocyte samples from all subjects were collected and frozen at − 80 °C until analysis. Erythrocyte analysis of Fe, Mg and P was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). All results are expressed in μg/g Hb. Results The results showed that there were statistically significant lower concentrations of erythrocyte Fe, Mg and P in MTG and HTG than CG. All parameters (Fe, Mg and P concentrations in erythrocytes) correlated inversely with physical training. Conclusions Physical exercise produces a decrease in erythrocyte concentrations of Fe, Mg and P. This situation could cause alterations in the performance of athletes given the importance of these elements. For this reason, we recommend an erythrocyte control at the beginning, and during the training period, to avoid harmful deficits.

中文翻译：

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体育锻炼对红细胞铁、磷、镁浓度的影响

背景 本研究旨在确定生活在埃斯特雷马杜拉（西班牙）同一地区且接受不同体育锻炼水平的受试者的红细胞中铁 (Fe)、镁 (Mg) 和磷 (P) 浓度的变化。方法 30 名久坐不动的受试者（24.34 ± 3.02 岁）没有运动锻炼和较少积极的生活方式，形成对照组（CG）；24 名非专业受试者（23.53 ± 1.85 岁），每周进行 4 至 6 小时的中等运动练习，没有任何表现目标，也没有进行系统训练，形成中等训练水平（MTG）受试者组，以及22名职业自行车运动员（23.29±2.73岁）在赛季开始时，每周训练超过20小时，组成高水平训练组（HTG）。收集所有受试者的红细胞样本并在 - 80°C 下冷冻直至分析。Fe、Mg 和 P 的红细胞分析通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法 (ICP-MS) 进行。所有结果均以 μg/g Hb 表示。结果 结果表明，MTG和HTG中红细胞Fe、Mg和P的浓度显着低于CG。所有参数（红细胞中的 Fe、Mg 和 P 浓度）与体能训练成反比。结论 体育锻炼会降低红细胞中铁、镁和磷的浓度。鉴于这些元素的重要性，这种情况可能会导致运动员成绩的改变。出于这个原因，我们建议在开始时和训练期间进行红细胞控制，以避免有害的缺陷。