Introduction: The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) is the largest extant carnivorous marsupial. Since 1996, its population has declined by 77% primarily due to a clonal transmissible tumor, known as devil facial tumor (DFT1) disease. In 2014, a second transmissible devil facial tumor (DFT2) was discovered. DFT1 and DFT2 are nearly 100% fatal.Areas covered: We review DFT control approaches and propose a rabies-style oral bait vaccine (OBV) platform for DFTs. This approach has an extensive safety record and was a primary tool in large-scale rabies virus elimination from wild carnivores across diverse landscapes. Like rabies virus, DFTs are transmitted by oral contact, so immunizing the oral cavity and stimulating resident memory cells could be advantageous. Additionally, exposing infected devils that already have tumors to OBVs could serve as an oncolytic virus immunotherapy. The primary challenges may be identifying appropriate DFT-specific antigens and optimization of field delivery methods.Expert opinion: DFT2 is currently found on a peninsula in southern Tasmania, so an OBV that could eliminate DFT2 should be the priority for this vaccine approach. Translation of an OBV approach to control DFTs will be challenging, but the approach is feasible for combatting ongoing and future disease threats.

中文翻译：

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塔斯马尼亚恶魔面部肿瘤疾病的口服诱饵疫苗接种方法。

简介：塔斯马尼亚恶魔（Sarcophilus harrisii）是现存最大的食肉有袋动物。自1996年以来，其人口减少了77％，主要原因是克隆传播的肿瘤，即恶魔面部肿瘤（DFT1）疾病。2014年，发现了第二个可传播的魔鬼面部肿瘤（DFT2）。DFT1和DFT2将近100％致命。涉及的领域：我们回顾了DFT的控制方法，并提出了用于DFT的狂犬病式口服诱饵疫苗（OBV）平台。这种方法具有广泛的安全记录，并且是从各种景观中的野生食肉动物中大规模消除狂犬病毒的主要工具。像狂犬病病毒一样，DFTs是通过口腔接触传播的，因此对口腔进行免疫和刺激常驻记忆细胞可能是有利的。另外，将已经有肿瘤的受感染魔鬼暴露于OBV可以作为溶瘤病毒免疫疗法。主要挑战可能是鉴定合适的DFT特异性抗原和优化田间递送方法。专家意见：目前在塔斯马尼亚州南部的一个半岛上发现了DFT2，因此可以消除DFT2的OBV应该是该疫苗方法的重点。转换OBV方法来控制DFT将具有挑战性，但是该方法对于抵抗当前和未来的疾病威胁是可行的。