Little is known about people who experience multiple types of discrimination (e.g., racism and heterosexism). While some work suggests that multiply discriminated groups are at higher risk for poor mental health, other studies propose that they may develop resilience against additional kinds of discrimination. We conducted a review of published studies on the relationship between multiple types of discrimination and mental health to critically examine evidence in support of broad risk and resilience models. Using PRISMA guidelines, we identified 40 studies that met our inclusion criteria. Typically, studies examined either whether experiencing multiple discrimination was related to poorer mental health, or whether one kind of discrimination was more predictive of poor mental health. Studies generally showed support for the risk model, with multiple forms of discrimination associated with higher risk for depression symptoms. Furthermore, both racism and heterosexism uniquely predicted symptoms of depression, although initial evidence suggested that only heterosexism predicted suicidality among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) racial/ethnic minorities. Findings on multiple discrimination and other mental health problems (e.g., anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], distress, and substance use) were mixed. The current evidence suggests that multiply discriminated groups exhibit higher risk for some mental health problems, particularly depression symptoms. However, methodological problems abound in this literature (e.g., correspondence between study sample and types of discrimination assessed), which limits our ability to draw clear conclusions about multiple discrimination. We propose that to further our understanding of how multiple kinds of discrimination may affect mental health, studies must remedy these and other issues. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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对当前关于多种歧视和心理健康的证据进行严格审查。

对于遭受多种歧视（例如种族主义和异性恋）的人们知之甚少。虽然一些研究表明，被多重歧视的群体心理健康状况较差的风险更高，但其他研究则表明，他们可能对其他类型的歧视具有应变能力。我们对已发表的有关多种类型歧视与心理健康之间关系的研究进行了回顾，以严格审查证据以支持广泛的风险和适应力模型。根据PRISMA指南，我们确定了40项符合纳入标准的研究。通常，研究检查是经历多重歧视是否与较差的心理健康有关，还是一种歧视是否更能预测不良的心理健康。研究通常显示出对风险模型的支持，具有多种形式的歧视，与抑郁症状的高风险相关。此外，种族和异性恋都可以唯一预测抑郁症的症状，尽管初步证据表明，只有异性恋才能预测女同性恋，男同性恋，双性恋，变性者和同性恋者（LGBTQ）种族/少数民族中的自杀倾向。关于多重歧视和其他心理健康问题（例如，焦虑症，创伤后应激障碍[PTSD]，困扰和药物滥用）的发现混杂在一起。目前的证据表明，受到多重歧视的群体在某些精神健康问题，特别是抑郁症状方面表现出更高的风险。但是，该文献中存在很多方法学问题（例如，研究样本与评估的歧视类型之间的对应关系），这限制了我们就多重歧视得出清晰结论的能力。我们建议，为了进一步了解多种歧视如何影响心理健康，研究必须纠正这些问题和其他问题。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。