Cross-sectional studies have suggested age-related differences in decision-making competence, but these differences may also reflect cohort-related effects. We present a longitudinal study of age-related changes over 5 years in older adults (aged 60-85) for 3 important aspects of decision-making competence: resistance to framing, applying decision rules, and resistance to sunk costs. The findings show small age-related longitudinal declines in resistance to framing but no decline in applying decision rules or resistance to sunk costs. The results also indicate that individuals' decision-making competence after 5 years is significantly related to their initial decision-making competence assessment and that the contribution of crystallized abilities to decision making in older adults is greater than previously thought. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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老年人的决策能力：纵向调查的乐观看法。

横断面研究表明，与年龄相关的决策能力存在差异，但这些差异也可能反映了与队列相关的影响。我们对老年人（60-85岁）在5年内与年龄相关的变化进行了纵向研究，从决策能力的三个重要方面进行了研究：对框架的抵制，应用决策规则以及对沉没成本的抵制。研究结果表明，与年龄相关的，对框架的抵抗力在纵向上有所下降，但在应用决策规则或对沉没成本的抵抗力方面没有下降。结果还表明，个人5年后的决策能力与他们最初的决策能力评估显着相关，并且结晶能力对老年人决策的贡献比以前认为的要大。