Intake of whole foods, such as fruits and vegetables, may confer health benefits to the host. The beneficial effects of fruits and vegetables were mainly attributed to their richness in polyphenols and microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs). Components in fruits and vegetables modulate composition and associated functions of the gut microbiota, whereas gut microbiota can transform components in fruits and vegetables to produce metabolites that are bioactive and important for health. The progression of multiple diseases, such as obesity and inflammatory bowel disease, is associated with diet and gut microbiota. Although the exact causality between these diseases and specific members of gut microbiota has not been well characterized, accumulating evidence supported the role of fruits and vegetables in modulating gut microbiota and decreasing the risks of microbiota-associated diseases. This review summarized the latest findings on the effects of whole fruits and vegetables on gut microbiota and associated diseases. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, Volume 11 is March 25, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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基于全食物的调节肠道微生物群和相关疾病的方法。

摄入完整的食物，如水果和蔬菜，可能会给宿主带来健康益处。水果和蔬菜的有益作用主要归因于它们富含多酚和微生物群可及的碳水化合物 (MAC)。水果和蔬菜中的成分调节肠道微生物群的组成和相关功能，而肠道微生物群可以转化水果和蔬菜中的成分，以产生具有生物活性且对健康很重要的代谢物。肥胖和炎症性肠病等多种疾病的进展与饮食和肠道微生物群有关。尽管这些疾病与肠道微生物群特定成员之间的确切因果关系尚未得到很好的表征，越来越多的证据支持水果和蔬菜在调节肠道微生物群和降低微生物群相关疾病风险方面的作用。本综述总结了完整水果和蔬菜对肠道微生物群和相关疾病影响的最新发现。《食品科学与技术年度评论》第 11 卷的预计最终在线出版日期为 2020 年 3 月 25 日。请参阅 http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates 了解修订后的估计值。