Concentrations of As and other trace elements were measured in groundwater, rice, hair, urine, and blood samples of people consuming As-contaminated groundwater in a village of Ha Nam province, northern Vietnam to understand the recent status of contamination and assess the possible risks of human exposure. Elevated concentrations of As in groundwater were still observed, exceeding the WHO guideline value in most of the tube wells investigated. Significant positive correlations between As concentrations in groundwater and human samples (hair and urine) were observed. Arsenic concentrations in human and hair appeared to be related to the groundwater usage habit, with higher levels found in drinking group than those in the washing group. Significant good correlations were also encountered between cumulative intakes of As, Mn, and Ba through groundwater consumption and hair concentrations. All these results indicate the chronic exposure to As and some other elements such as Mn and Ba. The total intakes of As, Mn, and Ba through rice and groundwater consumption were estimated to be ranged from 80–836, 49.3–1850, and 311–97100 µg/day, respectively. The daily intakes of As of the study area ranged from 1.6–16.7 µg/kg body wt./day, mean: 7.15 µg/kg body wt./day, in which about 85% of the subjects were above the provisional tolerable daily intake proposed by WHO.

中文翻译：

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越南北部河南省砷和其他微量元素的暴露评估。

在越南北部河南省的一个村庄中，对食用砷污染地下水的人们的地下水，稻米，头发，尿液和血液样本中的砷和其他微量元素进行了测量，以了解污染的最新状况并评估可能的风险人类接触。仍然观察到地下水中As的浓度升高，在大多数调查的管井中都超过了WHO的指导值。观察到地下水和人类样品（头发和尿液）中砷的含量之间存在显着的正相关。人和头发中的砷浓度似乎与地下水的使用习惯有关，饮用组的砷含量高于洗涤组。砷，锰，和钡通过地下水消耗和头发浓度。所有这些结果表明，长期暴露于砷以及一些其他元素，如锰和钡。通过稻米和地下水的摄入，砷，锰和钡的总摄入量估计为80–836、49.3–1850和311–97100 μ克/天，分别。截至研究区域的每日摄入量为1.6–16.7  µg / kg体重/天，平均值：7.15  µg / kg体重/天，其中约85％的受试者高于临时耐受量世卫组织建议的每日摄入量。