BACKGROUND Socioecological models highlight the potential direct and indirect effects of multiple levels of influence in explaining physical activity (PA). Social cognitive theories, however, position individual cognitions as the mediator of external factors such as the built environment when explaining PA. PURPOSE To appraise the evidence for direct and indirect associations between the built environment and social cognition to predict PA. METHODS Literature searches were concluded in February 2019 using five common databases. Eligible studies were in the English language that included any direct and indirect tests of individual perceptions and the built environment with PA. RESULTS The initial search yielded 18,521 hits, which was reduced to 46 independent studies of primarily medium quality after screening for eligibility criteria. Findings were grouped by type of PA then grouped by the type of individual and built environment constructs within the model, and subdivided by adult and youth samples. There was evidence that self-efficacy/perceived control accounted for the covariance between environmental accessibility/convenience and total PA, while habit accounted for the covariance in this relationship for transport PA, particularly in adult samples. There was no evidence that the built environment had a direct association with PA after controlling for individual-level factors. CONCLUSIONS The results provide initial support for the mediation tenet in social cognition models for the relationship between individual, built environment, and PA. In practice, these findings highlight the need for coordinated interventions of individual and environmental change.

中文翻译：

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建筑环境与个人对身体活动的感知之间的直接和间接关系：系统审查。

背景 社会生态学模型强调了多层次影响在解释身体活动 (PA) 方面的潜在直接和间接影响。然而，社会认知理论在解释 PA 时将个人认知定位为外部因素（如建筑环境）的中介。目的 评估建筑环境与社会认知之间直接和间接关联的证据，以预测 PA。方法 文献检索于 2019 年 2 月使用五个常用数据库完成。符合条件的研究是英语语言，包括对个人感知和建筑环境的任何直接和间接测试。结果 最初的搜索产生了 18,521 项命中，在筛选合格标准后，这些研究减少到 46 项主要为中等质量的独立研究。结果按 PA 类型分组，然后按模型中个人和建筑环境构造的类型分组，并按成人和青年样本细分。有证据表明，自我效能感/感知控制解释了环境可达性/便利性与总 PA 之间的协方差，而习惯解释了交通 PA 的这种关系的协方差，尤其是在成人样本中。在控制了个人层面的因素后，没有证据表明建筑环境与 PA 有直接关联。结论 结果为社会认知模型中关于个人、建筑环境和 PA 之间关系的中介原则提供了初步支持。在实践中，这些发现强调了对个体和环境变化进行协调干预的必要性。