OBJECTIVES Age-degenerative features of the metatarsals are poorly known despite the importance of metatarsal bone properties for investigating mobility patterns. We assessed the role of habitual activity in shaping the patterning and magnitude of sexual dimorphism in age-related bone loss in the hallucal metatarsal. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sections were extracted at midshaft from micro-computed tomography scan models of individuals from medieval rural (Abingdon Vineyard) and early industrial urban (Spitalfields) settings (n = 71). A suite of cross-sectional geometry dimensions and biomechanical properties were compared between populations. RESULTS The rural group display generally stronger and larger metatarsals that show a greater capacity to resist torsion and that have comparatively greater bending strength along the medio-lateral plane. Men in both groups show greater values of cortical area than women, but only in the urban group do men show lower magnitudes of age-related decline compared to females. Women in rural and urban populations show different patterns of age-related decline in bone mass, particularly old women in the urban group show a marked decline in cortical area that is absent for women in the rural group. DISCUSSION Lifetime exposure to hard, physical activity in an agricultural setting has contributed to the attainment of greater bone mass and stronger bones in young adults. Furthermore, over the life-course, less of this greater amount of bone is lost, such that sustained activity levels may have acted to buffer against age-related decline, and this is most pronounced for women, who are expected to experience greater bone loss later in life than men.

中文翻译：

---

城乡人口中人类幻觉meta骨中与年龄相关的骨丢失模式的性别差异。

目的尽管of骨的骨质对于研究活动模式很重要，但Age骨的年龄退化特征却鲜为人知。我们评估了习惯性活动在塑造与meta骨年龄相关的骨质流失中性二态性的模式和大小方面的作用。材料与方法断面是从微型计算机断层扫描模型中提取的，这些断层扫描模型来自中世纪农村地区（Abingdon Vineyard）和早期工业城市地区（Spitalfields）（n = 71）的个体。在人群之间比较了一套横截面几何尺寸和生物力学特性。结果该农村人群的display骨通常更结实，更大，这些人的resist骨具有更大的抗扭能力，并且在中外侧平面上具有相对较大的弯曲强度。两组中的男性皮层面积值均比女性高，但只有城市组的男性与女性相比，与年龄相关的下降幅度较小。农村和城市人口中的妇女显示出与年龄相关的骨质下降的不同模式，特别是城市群体中的老年妇女的皮质区域明显减少，而农村群体中的女性则没有。讨论在农业环境中，终生暴露于坚硬的身体活动已导致年轻人获得更大的骨量和更强壮的骨骼。此外，在整个生命过程中，损失的大量骨量较少，因此持续的活动水平可能起到了缓解与年龄有关的衰落的作用，而这对于预期遭受更大骨量损失的女性最为明显。比男人晚。