OBJECTIVE Firearms are the most common method of suicide in the United States. The provision of firearm-specific lethal means safety interventions is a best practice for the prevention and management of suicide risk. However, few data exist to inform firearm-specific lethal means safety interventions. This study tested four different lethal means safety interventions that varied on two dimensions salient to health behavior change (i.e., fear appeals and emphasis on temporariness). METHOD Overall, 96 college-enrolled young adults with a history of suicidal ideation and current firearm familiarity (i.e., firearm ownership, access, and/or a desire/intention to obtain a firearm) were randomized to one of four different firearm-specific lethal means safety interventions occurring in the context of the Safety Planning Intervention. Assessments occurred at preintervention, postintervention, and 1-month follow-up. RESULTS Participants who received the firearm-specific lethal means safety intervention that deemphasized fear and emphasized temporariness reported significantly greater intentions to adhere to clinician recommendations to limit their access to firearms for safety purposes compared to individuals randomized to the other groups (Intervention × Time), F(6, 184) = 2.300, p = .036, corresponding to a medium effect size (ηp² = .070). Across groups, 35.4% of participants reported an increase in engagement in firearm safety thoughts/behaviors from preintervention to 1-month follow-up; there were no significant group differences. All four intervention approaches were rated as similarly highly acceptable. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the potential importance of deemphasizing fear and emphasizing temporariness in firearm-specific lethal means safety interventions. Future studies leveraging these pilot data are needed to replicate and extend findings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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一项关于致死手段的随机试验性临床试验，针对有自杀风险的熟悉枪支的年轻成年人进行安全干预。

目的枪支是美国最常见的自杀方法。提供枪支特定的致死手段意味着安全干预是预防和管理自杀风险的最佳实践。但是，很少有数据可以告知特定于枪支的致死手段安全干预措施。这项研究测试了四种不同的致命手段安全干预措施，这些措施在对健康行为变化有显着影响的两个维度上有所不同（即，恐惧感和对临时性的重视）。方法总体上，将96名有自杀意念和当前枪支熟悉程度（即枪支所有权，使用权，和/或渴望/意图获得枪支）的大学入学青年随机分为四种不同的枪支特定致死性之一系指在安全计划干预的背景下发生的安全干预措施。在干预前，干预后和1个月的随访中进行评估。结果与随机分配给其他组的人相比，接受枪支特定致死手段的参与者减少恐惧感并强调临时性的安全干预措施报告称，他们出于更大的意愿坚决遵守临床医生的建议以限制他们出于安全目的使用枪支（干预×时间）， F（6，184）= 2.300，p = .036，对应于中等效果大小（ηp²= .070）。在各组中，有35.4％的参与者报告说，从干预前到随访1个月，对枪支安全思想/行为的参与有所增加。两组之间无显着差异。所有这四种干预方法均被评为同样高度可接受。结论研究结果强调了在特定枪支致死手段安全干预措施中不强调恐惧和强调临时性的潜在重要性。需要利用这些试验数据进行进一步的研究，以复制和扩展发现。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。