Distributed, wasted, or stranded feedstocks, when converted and upgraded into fuels, could replace about 6% of the U.S. demand for liquid fuels, which is about 25% of the net import of petroleum by the United States. We review the current state of modular approaches for conversion of these feedstocks, including the technology and economics associated with processing carbon‐containing waste and stranded, carbon‐containing gas. The wide geographic distribution of the feedstocks will require technology that can be scaled down effectively and that can be manufactured, installed, operated and monitored in ways that gain economies of mass production rather than economies of throughput scaling.

中文翻译：

---

由分布，浪费或搁浅的原料模块化生产燃料和其他增值产品

分配，浪费或搁浅的原料在转换和升级为燃料后，可替代美国约6％的液体燃料需求，约占美国石油净进口的25％。我们回顾了这些原料转化的模块化方法的现状，包括与处理含碳废物和滞留含碳气体相关的技术和经济学。原料的广泛地理分布将要求技术能够有效地按比例缩小，并且能够以增加批量生产的经济性而不是按规模生产的经济性的方式进行制造，安装，操作和监控。