India's Intended Nationally Determined Contributions in 2015 toward the Two-Degree Celsius climate change goal has endorsed 15% of renewable integration in the primary energy mix by 2020. The energy space is strategy to meet the target without affecting its immediate sustainable development goals. This study documents this strategic effort by tracking the historical trajectory of energy policy planning since its independence in 1947. An objective ontological approach was adopted in reviewing the evolution of energy policy into five distinct phases. Phase I (1947-1970), focused on supply adequacy with the overall thrust on infrastructure development as the pillar of Indian economy. In Phase II (the 1970s) the focus shifted in addressing the energy access crisis. Phase III (the 1980s) was based on increment, diversification, and streamlining on supplies for energy security purposes. Phase IV (the 1990s) is the period of modernization of the overall Indian electricity system. Phase V (the 2000s) is the present phase of market transformation and climate change mitigation energy policies. A co-assessment of India's policy to the international climate negotiations showed that India remained responsive to international climate goals. It became reactive in the planning for sustainable energy policy after its ratification of Kyoto Protocol in 2001. Since then, India has been instrumental in administering strict emission reduction norms and efficiency measures. This review concludes that the country needs to upgrade its inefficient transmission and distribution networks, which was broadly neglected. The subsidy allocations in domestic energy resources should be well-adjusted without compromising on its social costs.

中文翻译：

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1947年以来印度可持续能源政策的演变：回顾。

印度在2015年为“两摄氏度”气候变化目标所做的国家自主贡献，已批准到2020年将15％的可再生能源整合到一次能源结构中。能源空间是在不影响其近期可持续发展目标的前提下实现这一目标的战略。这项研究通过追踪自1947年独立以来能源政策规划的历史轨迹来记录这一战略性努力。采用了一种客观的本体论方法来审查能源政策演变成五个不同阶段的过程。第一阶段（1947年至1970年）着眼于供应充足，而基础设施建设的总体重点是印度经济的支柱。在第二阶段（1970年代），重点转移到解决能源获取危机上。第三阶段（1980年代）基于增量，多元化，以及出于能源安全目的精简供应。第四阶段（1990年代）是整个印度电力系统现代化的时期。第五阶段（2000年代）是市场转型和缓解气候变化能源政策的当前阶段。对印度参与国际气候谈判的政策的共同评估表明，印度仍然对国际气候目标作出反应。自2001年批准《京都议定书》后，它就对可持续能源政策的规划起了反应。从那时起，印度就一直在执行严格的减排标准和效率措施。这项审查得出的结论是，该国需要升级其效率低下的输配电网络，这一点被广泛忽视。