This is an overview of the solar modulation of cosmic rays in the heliosphere. It is a broad topic with numerous intriguing aspects so that a research framework has to be chosen to concentrate on. The review focuses on the basic paradigms and departure points without presenting advanced theoretical or observational details for which there exists a large number of comprehensive reviews. Instead, emphasis is placed on numerical modeling which has played an increasingly significant role as computational resources have become more abundant. A main theme is the progress that has been made over the years. The emphasis is on the global features of CR modulation and on the causes of the observed 11-year and 22-year cycles and charge-sign dependent modulation. Illustrative examples of some of the theoretical and observational milestones are presented, without attempting to review all details or every contribution made in this field of research. Controversial aspects are discussed where appropriate, with accompanying challenges and future prospects. The year 2012 was the centennial celebration of the discovery of cosmic rays so that several general reviews were dedicated to historical aspects so that such developments are briefly presented only in a few cases.

中文翻译：

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太阳对宇宙射线的调制

这是对日光层中宇宙射线的太阳调制的概述。这是一个广泛的话题，涉及许多有趣的方面，因此必须选择一个研究框架来集中精力。这篇综述着重于基本范式和出发点，而没有介绍先进的理论或观察细节，对此有大量的综合评论。相反，重点放在数值建模上，随着计算资源的日益丰富，数值建模已发挥了越来越重要的作用。一个主要主题是多年来取得的进展。重点是CR调制的全局特征以及观察到的11年和22年周期以及与电荷符号相关的调制的原因。给出了一些理论和观察里程碑的说明性例子，而不试图审查该研究领域中的所有细节或所做的任何贡献。在适当的地方讨论有争议的方面，并附带挑战和未来前景。2012年是对发现宇宙射线的百年纪念，因此对历史方面进行了几项一般性回顾，因此仅在少数情况下简要介绍了这种发展。