Autism is both a medical condition that gives rise to disability and an example of human variation that is characterised by neurological and cognitive differences. The goal of evidence-based intervention and support is to alleviate distress, improve adaptation, and promote wellbeing. Support should be collaborative, with autistic individuals, families, and service providers taking a shared decision-making approach to maximise the individual's potential, minimise barriers, and optimise the person-environment fit. Comprehensive, naturalistic early intervention with active caregiver involvement can facilitate early social communication, adaptive functioning, and cognitive development; targeted intervention can help to enhance social skills and aspects of cognition. Augmentative and alternative communication interventions show preliminary evidence of benefit in minimising communication barriers. Co-occurring health issues, such as epilepsy and other neurodevelopmental disorders, sleep problems, and mental health challenges, should be treated in a timely fashion. The creation of autism-friendly contexts is best achieved by supporting families, reducing stigma, enhancing peer understanding, promoting inclusion in education, the community, and at work, and through advocacy.

中文翻译：

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对自闭症患者一生的循证支持：最大限度地发挥潜力，最大限度地减少障碍，并优化人与环境的契合度

自闭症既是导致残疾的医学状况，也是以神经和认知差异为特征的人类变异的一个例子。循证干预和支持的目标是减轻痛苦、改善适应和促进福祉。支持应该是协作的，自闭症个人、家庭和服务提供者采取共同的决策方法，以最大限度地发挥个人的潜力，最大限度地减少障碍，并优化人与环境的契合度。具有积极照顾者参与的全面、自然的早期干预可以促进早期社会交流、适应性功能和认知发展；有针对性的干预有助于提高社交技能和认知方面。增强性和替代性沟通干预措施显示出在最大程度减少沟通障碍方面有益的初步证据。应及时治疗同时发生的健康问题，例如癫痫和其他神经发育障碍、睡眠问题和心理健康挑战。通过支持家庭、减少污名化、增进同伴理解、促进教育、社区和工作中的包容性以及通过宣传，可以最好地实现自闭症友好环境的创建。