Clinical Psychology Review ( IF 12.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101841 Sam J Cooley 1 , Ceri R Jones 1 , Arabella Kurtz 1 , Noelle Robertson 1
Time spent in natural outdoor spaces has physiological and psychological benefits, such as reduced stress responses and improved mood. Mental health practitioners have begun to harness nature's restorative capacity by challenging convention and taking talking therapies outdoors. This review synthesises the experiences of these practitioners and their clients, with the aim of establishing a framework for best practice. A thematic synthesis was used to provide a systematic and integrative exploration of multiple therapy professions. Articles (N = 38, published from 1994 to 2019) comprised 322 practitioners and 163 clients. A mixed-method meta-synthesis resulted in a framework of higher and lower level themes. The outdoor context for therapy ranged in intensity from sitting or walking in urban parks and woodland to remote wilderness expeditions. The outdoors provided either a passive backdrop to therapy or was more actively incorporated through behavioural analysis, relationship building, metaphor, narrative therapy, role play, modelling, and stabilisation. Practical, therapeutic, and organisational issues were mitigated through assessment and formulation, informed consent, process contracting, enhancing predictability where possible, and awareness of professional competency. Therapy was subsequently enriched by added mutuality, freedom of expression, mind-body holism, interconnectedness with the natural world, and practitioner well-being. The question of whether therapy in natural spaces should become a more mainstream option for clients and practitioners is discussed.
中文翻译:
“走进野外”:自然室外空间话语治疗的综合。
在自然的户外空间中度过的时间具有生理和心理上的好处,例如减少压力反应和改善情绪。精神卫生从业人员已经开始通过挑战常规并在户外进行谈话疗法来利用自然的恢复能力。这篇综述总结了这些从业者及其客户的经验,旨在建立最佳实践的框架。主题综合用于提供对多种疗法专业的系统综合研究。文章(N = 38,1994年至2019年出版)由322名从业者和163位客户组成。混合方法的元合成产生了更高和更低级别主题的框架。户外治疗的强度范围从在城市公园和林地中坐着或步行到偏远的荒野探险。户外活动为治疗提供了一个被动的背景,或者通过行为分析,人际关系建立,隐喻,叙事治疗,角色扮演,建模和稳定而更加主动地融入了治疗。通过评估和制定,知情同意,过程承包,在可能的情况下增强可预测性以及对专业能力的意识,减轻了实际,治疗和组织问题。随后,人们通过增加相互之间的互助,表达自由,身心一体,与自然世界的联系以及从业者的幸福感。讨论了在自然空间中进行治疗是否应成为服务对象和从业者更主流的选择的问题。