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Identification of relapse-associated gene mutations by next-generation sequencing in low-risk acute myeloid leukaemia patients.
British Journal of Haematology ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-02 , DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16420
María Isabel Prieto-Conde 1 , Cristina Jiménez 1 , María García-Álvarez 1 , Fernando Ramos 2 , Alejandro Medina 1 , Rebeca Cuello 3 , Ana Balanzategui 1 , José M Alonso 4 , Maria Eugenia Sarasquete 1 , José Antonio Queizán 5 , Miguel Alcoceba 1 , Abelardo Bárez 6 , Noemí Puig 1 , Alberto Cantalapiedra 7 , Norma C Gutiérrez 1 , Ramón García-Sanz 1 , Marcos González-Díaz 1 , María Carmen Chillón 1
Affiliation  

Recommended genetic categorization of acute myeloid leukaemias (AML) includes a favourable-risk category, but not all these patients have good prognosis. Here, we used next-generation sequencing to evaluate the mutational profile of 166 low-risk AML patients: 30 core-binding factor (CBF)-AMLs, 33 nucleophosmin (NPM1)-AMLs, 4 biCEBPα-AMLs and 101 acute promyelocytic leukaemias (APLs). Functional categories of mutated genes differed among subgroups. NPM1-AMLs showed frequent variations in DNA-methylation genes (DNMT3A, TET2, IDH1/2) (79%), although without prognostic impact. Within this group, splicing-gene mutations were an independent factor for relapse-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS). In CBF-AML, poor independent factors for RFS and OS were mutations in RAS pathway and cohesin genes, respectively. In APL, the mutational profile differed according to the risk groups. High-risk APLs showed a high mutation rate in cell-signalling genes (P = 0·002), highlighting an increased incidence of FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) (65%, P < 0·0001). Remarkably, in low-risk APLs (n = 28), NRAS mutations were strongly correlated with a shorter five-year RFS (25% vs. 100%, P < 0·0001). Overall, a high number of mutations (≥3) was the worst prognostic factor RFS (HR = 2·6, P = 0·003). These results suggest that gene mutations may identify conventional low-risk AML patients with poor prognosis and might be useful for better risk stratification and treatment decisions.

中文翻译:

通过下一代测序鉴定低危急性髓性白血病患者中与复发相关的基因突变。

推荐的急性髓细胞性白血病(AML)的遗传分类包括有利风险类别,但并非所有这些患者的预后都很好。在这里,我们使用下一代测序技术评估了166例低危AML患者的突变特征:30个核心结合因子(CBF)-AML,33个核磷蛋白(NPM1)-AML,4个biCEBPα-AML和101个急性早幼粒细胞白血病( APL)。突变基因的功能类别在亚组之间有所不同。NPM1-AMLs在DNA甲基化基因(DNMT3A,TET2,IDH1 / 2)中表现出频繁的变异(79%),尽管没有预后影响。在这一组中,剪接基因突变是无复发(RFS)和总体生存(OS)的独立因素。在CBF-AML中,影响RFS和OS的独立因素很差,分别是RAS途径和黏附素基因的突变。在APL中,突变概况因风险人群而异。高风险的APL在细胞信号基因中显示高突变率(P = 0·002),突显了FLT3内部串联重复(ITD)的发生率增加(65%,P <0·0001)。值得注意的是,在低风险的APL中(n = 28),NRAS突变与较短的5年RFS密切相关(25%对100%,P <0·0001)。总体而言,大量的突变(≥3)是最糟糕的预后因素RFS(HR = 2·6,P = 0·003)。这些结果表明,基因突变可以识别出预后较差的常规低风险AML患者,并且可能有助于更好的风险分层和治疗决策。P <0·0001)。值得注意的是,在低风险的APL中(n = 28),NRAS突变与较短的5年RFS密切相关(25%对100%,P <0·0001)。总体而言,大量的突变(≥3)是最糟糕的预后因素RFS(HR = 2·6,P = 0·003)。这些结果表明,基因突变可以识别出预后较差的常规低风险AML患者,并且可能有助于更好的风险分层和治疗决策。P <0·0001)。值得注意的是,在低风险的APL中(n = 28),NRAS突变与较短的5年RFS密切相关(25%对100%,P <0·0001)。总体而言,大量的突变(≥3)是最糟糕的预后因素RFS(HR = 2·6,P = 0·003)。这些结果表明,基因突变可以识别出预后较差的常规低风险AML患者,并且可能有助于更好的风险分层和治疗决策。
更新日期:2020-03-02
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