Abstract The development of innovative technologies in wastewater treatment create the concept of biorefinery in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), placing anaerobic processes in the highlight. Starting from the conventional anaerobic treatment processes to ‘closing the loop’ scheme, next generation WWTPs are ready to serve for water, energy and materials mining. While bioenergy is still dominating the resource recovery, recovery of value-added materials (i.e. struvite, biopolymers, cellulose) are receiving significant attention in recent years. So, what are the state-of-the-art approaches for energy-efficient resource recovery and re-use from municipal wastewater? This paper follows a critical review on the validated technologies in operational environment available and further suggests possible market routes for the recovered materials in WWTPs. Considering the development and verification of a novel technology together with the valorization of the obtained products, biorefinery and resource recovery approaches were gathered in this review paper from a circular economy point of view. General currently-faced barriers were briefly addressed to pave the way to create to-the-point establishments of resource recovery facilities in the future. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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从城市废水中回收和再利用节能资源的经过验证的创新方法：从厌氧处理系统到生物精炼概念

摘要 污水处理创新技术的发展创造了污水处理厂 (WWTP) 中生物精炼的概念，将厌氧工艺置于亮点。从传统的厌氧处理工艺到“闭环”方案，下一代污水处理厂已准备好为水、能源和材料开采服务。虽然生物能源仍然是资源回收的主导，但近年来增值材料（即鸟粪石、生物聚合物、纤维素）的回收受到了极大的关注。所以，从城市废水中回收和再利用高能效资源的最先进方法是什么？本文对可用操作环境中的验证技术进行了严格审查，并进一步建议了污水处理厂中回收材料的可能市场路线。考虑到新技术的开发和验证以及所获得产品的价值化，本综述从循环经济的角度收集了生物炼制和资源回收方法。简要解决了目前面临的一般障碍，为未来建立资源回收设施的直接设施铺平了道路。图形概要 本综述从循环经济的角度收集了生物炼制和资源回收方法。简要解决了目前面临的一般障碍，为未来建立资源回收设施的直接设施铺平了道路。图形概要 本综述从循环经济的角度收集了生物炼制和资源回收方法。简要解决了目前面临的一般障碍，为未来建立资源回收设施的直接设施铺平了道路。图形概要