The relationship between the 4D folding of the genome and its function is an outstanding question in biology. A range of methods that probe the folding of the genome in space and time with unprecedented resolution have been developed. These methods, including chromosome conformation capture and high-resolution light and electron microscopy, are shedding new light on genome architecture and function. Here, we review the emerging picture of genome organization revealed by super-resolution and live-cell imaging. We compare and contrast population-based chromosome conformation capture approaches and imaging-based approaches and highlight future challenges.

中文翻译：

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以高分辨率可视化基因组挑战了我们对教科书的理解。

基因组的4D折叠与其功能之间的关系是生物学中一个突出的问题。已经开发出了一系列以前所未有的分辨率探测基因组在空间和时间上的折叠的方法。这些方法，包括染色体构象捕获，高分辨率光电子显微镜，为基因组结构和功能提供了新的思路。在这里，我们回顾由超分辨率和活细胞成像揭示的基因组组织的新兴图景。我们比较并对比了基于人群的染色体构象捕获方法和基于成像的方法，并强调了未来的挑战。