Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging arbovirus, endemic in many parts of the world, that is spread by travelers and adapts to new mosquito vectors that live in temperate climates. CHIKV replicates in many host tissues and initially causes a self-limiting febrile illness similar to dengue. However, in 30%-40% of cases, CHIKV also causes long-term painful and debilitating muscle and joint pain, the pathogenesis of which remains unknown. In this issue of the JCI, Lentscher et al. engineered a skeletal muscle-restricted CHIKV to show that while musculoskeletal disease requires viral replication in affected muscle, muscular pathology is mediated by host immunological factors. These findings de-link viral replication and disease symptoms, illuminate the virus-host interplay in CHIKV symptomatology, and raise the possibility that immune modulation is a therapeutic option. The results also highlight possible solutions to existing vaccine barriers and provide insights that may apply to other viral diseases.

中文翻译：

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基孔肯雅热感染：从症状学上脱节的复制揭示了肌肉的核心作用。

基孔肯雅热病毒（CHIKV）是一种新兴的虫媒病毒，在世界许多地方流行，由旅行者传播，并适应温带气候下生活的新型蚊媒。CHIKV在许多宿主组织中复制，最初会引起类似于登革热的自限性发热性疾病。然而，在30％-40％的病例中，CHIKV还会引起长期疼痛和使人衰弱的肌肉和关节痛，其发病机理仍然未知。在本期的JCI中，Lentscher等人。设计了骨骼肌受限的CHIKV，以显示虽然肌肉骨骼疾病需要在受影响的肌肉中进行病毒复制，但肌肉病理是由宿主免疫因素介导的。这些发现使病毒复制与疾病症状脱钩，阐明了CHIKV症状学中病毒与宿主之间的相互作用，并增加了免疫调节是治疗选择的可能性。该结果还突出显示了解决现有疫苗障碍的可能解决方案，并提供了可能适用于其他病毒性疾病的见解。