Araucaria heterophylla tree has been used in traditional medicine for several purposes. The essential oil (EO) of the resin is poorly studied, and up to our knowledge, the EO of the resin of the Egyptian ecospecies of A. heterophylla was not explored. In this study, the resin EO of A. heterophylla was analyzed via GC–MS. The correlation of the chemical composition of the EO with those reported in other ecospecies of A. heterophylla was evaluated via Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The in vivo inflammation inhibition and antipyretic activities in a carrageenan-induced rat model were evaluated for both crude EO and its nanoemulsion. Thirty-nine compounds were characterized in the EO. Monoterpenes (66.53 %) represented the main components followed by sesquiterpenes (30.85 %). α-Pinene (44.88 %), germacrene-D (10.25 %), α-copaene (4.72 %) and sabinene (4.44 %) were identified as major constituents of the EO. The PCA analysis showed more correlation of EO of the resin from the present study with that from the leaves of both Egyptian and Australian ecospecies, while it was negatively correlated with the EO from the leaves or resin of the Indian ecospecies. These variations could be ascribed to the environmental, climatic or genetic factors. The EO (100 mg/kg) administration in the rat paw edema and rectal temperature exhibited a significant difference (P < 0.05) by 32 %, compared to indomethacin (39 %). Also, it attenuated the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF)-α, IL-6, and IL-1 β by 201.25, 285.62 and 437.0 pg/ml, respectively. Further, the administration of the higher dose of EO and its emulsion (200 mg/kg) attenuated the levels of inflammatory cytokines, improved paw edema and rectal temperature in rats. While the results showed that the low dose of nanoemulsion (100 mg/kg) was the least effective, our findings shed light toward the potentiality of using either the EO or its nanoemulsion from A. heterophylla as green resources with potent an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic promising medicinal agent.

南洋杉树已在传统医学中用于多种目的。对该树脂的精油（EO）的研究很少，据我们所知，埃及的A. heterophylla生态种的树脂的EO没有被研究。在这项研究中，通过GC-MS分析了太子参的树脂EO 。与那些在其它生态种报道的EO的化学组合物的相关性A.太子参评价通过主成分分析（PCA）。在体内对角叉菜胶诱导的大鼠模型的炎症抑制和解热活性进行了评估，其中包括粗制EO及其纳米乳液。在EO中表征了39个化合物。主要成分是单萜类（66.53％），其次是倍半萜（30.85％）。α- P烯（44.88％），ac烯-D（10.25％），α己烯（4.72％）和sa烯（4.44％）被确定为EO的主要成分。PCA分析表明，本研究中的树脂的EO与埃及和澳大利亚生态种的叶片的EO相关性更高，而与印度生态种的叶片或树脂的EO负相关。这些变化可以归因于环境，气候或遗传因素。与吲哚美辛（39％）相比，大鼠爪水肿和直肠温度的EO（100 mg / kg）给药显示出32％的显着差异（P <0.05）。而且，它减弱了促炎细胞因子（TNF）-α，IL-6和IL- 1β的水平分别降低201.25、285.62和437.0 pg / ml。此外，较高剂量的EO及其乳剂（200 mg / kg）的给药减弱了大鼠炎性细胞因子的水平，改善了爪水肿和直肠温度。虽然结果表明，低剂量的纳米乳剂（100 mg / kg）效果最差，但我们的发现揭示了使用异叶茶的EO或其纳米乳剂作为绿色资源具有消炎和消炎的潜力。解热的有希望的药物。