Polyparasitism, involving soil-transmitted helminths. and Schistosoma blood flukes, is common in low to middle income countries. These helminths impact on the gut environment and can cause changes to the gut microbiome composition. Here we examined the gut microbiome in individuals with polyparasitism from two human cohorts in the Philippines utilising DNA sequencing-based profiling. Multiple helminth species infections were high with 70.3% of study participants harbouring at least two parasite species, and 16% harbouring at least five species. Increased numbers of helminth co-infections, in particular with the gut-resident soil-transmitted helminths, were significantly associated with increased bacterial diversity; however no significant parasite-gut microbiome associations were evident for individuals infected only with Schistosoma japonicum. In general, a healthy gut is associated with high bacterial diversity, which in these human cohorts may be the result of helminth-mediated immune modulation, or due to changes in the gut environment caused by these parasitic helminths.

中文翻译：

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菲律宾的蠕虫，多寄生和肠道微生物组。

多寄生性，涉及土壤传播的蠕虫。和血吸虫血吸虫病，在中低收入国家很常见。这些蠕虫会影响肠道环境，并可能导致肠道微生物组组成发生变化。在这里，我们使用基于DNA测序的分析技术，检查了菲律宾两个人类队列多寄生性个体的肠道微生物组。多种蠕虫物种感染率很高，其中70.3％的研究参与者至少携带两种寄生虫，16％的物种至少携带五种寄生虫。蠕虫共感染数量的增加，特别是与肠道内通过土壤传播的蠕虫感染的增加，与细菌多样性的增加显着相关。然而，对于仅感染日本血吸虫的个体，没有明显的寄生虫-肠道微生物组关联。