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Waste biomass valorization through production of xylose-based porous carbon microspheres for supercapacitor applications
Waste Management ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.02.042
Preeti Waribam , Sang Dinh Ngo , Thi Tuong Vi Tran , Suwadee Kongparakul , Prasert Reubroycharoen , Narong Chanlek , Lu Wei , Haibo Zhang , Guoqing Guan , Chanatip Samart

Sequential potassium hydroxide (KOH)-phosphoric acid (H3PO4) activation was applied to biomass waste to fabricate activated carbon microspheres (mCMs) with a controllable porous structure. Carbon microspheres (CMs) were first synthesized from xylose using a bottom-up approach of hydrothermal carbonization. Sequential KOH and H3PO4 activation was applied to the CMs in a KOH-carbon solid reaction. This created pores, which were further enlarged by adsorption of H3PO4. The KOH:carbon (C) and H3PO4:C molar ratios, and the H3PO4 heating rate and activation time, were varied to investigate the effect on average pore size and pore distribution. A uniform porous structure was formed without destruction of the spherical shape, and an almost 700-fold increase in surface area was obtained over the non-activated CMs. Following activation with H3PO4, phosphorous groups were found to be present at the surface of the carbon microspheres. The mCM was tested as a supercapacitor electrode and was shown to have a maximum specific capacitance of up to 277F g−1. A Ragone plot showed the maximum power density to be 173.88 W Kg−1. This increased specific capacitance was attributed to the increase in surface area and the presence of phosphorous-containing acid sites on the material surface.



中文翻译:

通过生产用于超级电容器的木糖基多孔碳微球来实现废物生物量的增值

将顺序的氢氧化钾(KOH)-磷酸(H3PO4)活化剂应用于生物质废物,以制造具有可控多孔结构的活性炭微球(mCM)。碳微球(CMs)首先使用水热碳化的自下而上方法从木糖合成。在KOH-碳固相反应中,对Ks依次进行KOH和H 3 PO 4活化。这产生了孔,通过吸附H 3 PO 4进一步扩大了孔。KOH:碳(C)和H 3 PO 4:C摩尔比,以及H 3 PO 4改变加热速率和活化时间以研究对平均孔径和孔分布的影响。形成均匀的多孔结构而不破坏球形,并且相对于未活化的CM,表面积增加了近700倍。用H 3 PO 4活化后,发现碳微球表面存在磷基。测试了mCM作为超级电容器电极,并显示其最大比电容高达277F g -1。Ragone图显示最大功率密度为173.88 W Kg -1。比电容的增加归因于表面积的增加和材料表面上含磷酸位的存在。

更新日期:2020-03-03
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