Psychological assessments typically rely on self-report and behavioral measures. Augmenting these with neurophysiological measures of the construct in question may increase the accuracy and predictive power of these assessments. Moreover, thinking about neurophysiological measures from an assessment perspective may facilitate under-utilized research approaches (e.g., brain-based recruitment of participants). However, the lack of normative data for most neurophysiological measures has prevented the comparison of individual responses to the general population, precluding these approaches. The current work examines the distributions of two event-related potentials (ERPs) commonly used in individual differences research: the error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe). Across three lab sites, 800 unselected participants between the ages of 18 and 30 performed the arrow version of a Flanker task while EEG was recorded. Percentile scores and distributions for ERPs on error trials, correct trials, and the difference (ΔERN, ΔPe; error minus correct) at Fz, Cz and Pz are reported. The 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile values for the ΔERN at Cz were -2.37 μV, -5.41 μV, and -8.65 μV, respectively. The same values for ΔPe at Cz were 7.51 μV, 11.18 μV, and 15.55 μV. Females displayed significantly larger ΔPe magnitudes and smaller ΔERN magnitudes than males. Additionally, normative data for behavioral performance (accuracy, post-error slowing, and reaction time) on the Flanker task is reported. Results provide a means by which ERN and Pe amplitudes of young adults elicited by the arrow Flanker task can be benchmarked, facilitating the classification of neural responses as 'large,' 'medium,' or 'small'. The ability to classify responses in this manner is a necessary step towards expanded use of these measures in assessment and research settings. These norms may not apply to ERPs elicited by other tasks, and future work should establish similar norms using other tasks.

中文翻译：

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在年轻人的箭头 Flanker 任务期间建立与错误相关的大脑活动的规范

心理评估通常依赖于自我报告和行为测量。用所讨论的构造的神经生理学测量来增强这些可能会增加这些评估的准确性和预测能力。此外，从评估的角度考虑神经生理学措施可能会促进未充分利用的研究方法（例如，基于大脑的参与者招募）。然而，由于缺乏大多数神经生理学测量的规范数据，因此无法将个体反应与一般人群进行比较，从而排除了这些方法。目前的工作检查了个体差异研究中常用的两种事件相关电位 (ERP) 的分布：错误相关负性 (ERN) 和错误正性 (Pe)。跨越三个实验室站点，800 名年龄在 18 至 30 岁之间的未经选择的参与者在记录 EEG 的同时执行了 Flanker 任务的箭头版本。报告了错误试验、正确试验和 Fz、Cz 和 Pz 处的差异（ΔERN、ΔPe；错误减去正确）的 ERP 的百分位分数和分布。Cz 处 ΔERN 的第 25、第 50 和第 75 个百分位值分别为 -2.37 μV、-5.41 μV 和 -8.65 μV。Cz 处 ΔPe 的相同值为 7.51 μV、11.18 μV 和 15.55 μV。与男性相比，女性显示出明显更大的 ΔPe 幅度和更小的 ΔERN 幅度。此外，还报告了 Flanker 任务的行为表现（准确性、错误后减速和反应时间）的规范数据。结果提供了一种方法，通过该方法可以对箭头 Flanker 任务引起的年轻人的 ERN 和 Pe 振幅进行基准测试，促进将神经反应分类为“大”、“中”或“小”。以这种方式对响应进行分类的能力是在评估和研究环境中扩大使用这些措施的必要步骤。这些规范可能不适用于由其他任务引发的 ERP，未来的工作应该使用其他任务建立类似的规范。