The design and synthesis of molecular and supramolecular multiredox systems have been summarized. These systems are of great importance as they can be employed in the next generation of materials for energy storage, energy transport, and solar fuel production. Nature provides guiding pathways and insights to judiciously incorporate and tune the various molecular and supramolecular design aspects that result in the formation of complex and efficient systems. In this review, we have classified molecular multiredox systems into organic and organic‐inorganic hybrid systems. The organic multiredox systems are further classified into multielectron acceptors, multielectron donors and ambipolar molecules. Synthetic chemists have integrated different electron donating and electron withdrawing groups to realize these complex molecular systems. Further, we have reviewed supramolecular multiredox systems, redox‐active host‐guest recognition, including mechanically interlocked systems. Finally, the review provides a discussion on the diverse applications, e. g. in artificial photosynthesis, water splitting, dynamic random access memory, etc. that can be realized from these artificial molecular or supramolecular multiredox systems.

中文翻译：

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分子和超分子多重氧化还原系统。

总结了分子和超分子多重氧化还原系统的设计和合成。这些系统非常重要，因为它们可用于下一代能源存储、能源运输和太阳能燃料生产材料。大自然提供了指导途径和见解，以明智地整合和调整各种分子和超分子设计方面，从而形成复杂而高效的系统。在这篇综述中，我们将分子多重氧化还原系统分为有机系统和有机-无机杂化系统。有机多氧化还原体系进一步分为多电子受体、多电子供体和双极性分子。合成化学家整合了不同的给电子基团和吸电子基团来实现这些复杂的分子系统。此外，我们还回顾了超分子多氧化还原系统、氧化还原活性主客体识别，包括机械联锁系统。最后，该评论对不同的应用程序进行了讨论，例如。G。在人工光合作用、水分解、动态随机存取存储器等中，可以通过这些人工分子或超分子多重氧化还原系统来实现。