Abstract Humans more and more live in urban areas and spend the majority of their time indoors, while buildings are becoming increasingly interconnected. Path planning in complex indoor environments is consequently becoming a societal challenge. This paper proposes a system, called BiMov, dedicated to automatically determining plan paths in complex buildings based on a digital mock-up (a BIM in IFC format). The originality of the research comes from the separation of the BIM model topological analysis from the semantic and geometric consideration of the customer of the path planning service. The process consists in exploiting the semantic, geometric, and topological features of the constituents of a BIM to generate navigation graphs that take the profile of MOoP (Mobile Object or Person) and the operational accessibility status of spaces and transitions (such as doors or stairs) into account. The ultimate aim is to determine the optimal path according to given criteria. The system is based on four data models: (1) a building model derived from the original BIM that represents and structures the building features relevant to indoor mobility; (2) a MOoP model representing its bulk size, ability to move horizontally and vertically, and various authorisations; (3) a calendar model representing the conjectural accessibility status of spaces and transitions; (4) a navigation graph model proposing three levels of detail. The Macro level represents a simple graph of connectivity between neighbouring interior spaces and is intended to help architects verify their design in terms of accessibility. The External level is used to connect accessible spaces via their common horizontal or vertical transitions. This level is intended for MOoPs that do not require a detailed description of the path. The Internal level integrates meshing of each space: a 2D mesh for planar mobility or a 3D mesh for drones. This level is intended for MOoP such as heavy object handlers or autonomous mobile vehicles that need to validate a reliable path within spaces containing furniture, hazardous machinery, or bulky equipment. We developed a prototype software application that illustrates our approach for different path planning scenarios in a BIM model generated outside this project.

中文翻译：

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基于BIM的室内路径规划方法

摘要 人类越来越多地生活在城市地区，大部分时间都在室内度过，而建筑物之间的联系也越来越紧密。因此，复杂室内环境中的路径规划正成为一项社会挑战。本文提出了一个名为 BiMov 的系统，该系统致力于基于数字模型（IFC 格式的 BIM）自动确定复杂建筑中的规划路径。研究的独创性来自于将BIM模型拓扑分析与路径规划服务客户的语义和几何考虑相分离。该过程包括利用语义、几何、和 BIM 组成部分的拓扑特征，以生成导航图，该图将 MOoP（移动对象或人）的轮廓以及空间和过渡（例如门或楼梯）的操作可访问性状态考虑在内。最终目标是根据给定的标准确定最佳路径。该系统基于四个数据模型：(1) 源自原始 BIM 的建筑模型，表示和构建与室内移动相关的建筑特征；(2) 代表其体积大小、水平和垂直移动能力以及各种授权的 MOoP 模型；(3) 表示空间和过渡的推测可达状态的日历模型；(4) 导航图模型提出了三个详细级别。宏观层面代表了相邻室内空间之间的简单连接图，旨在帮助建筑师在可达性方面验证他们的设计。外部层用于通过公共的水平或垂直过渡连接可访问空间。此级别适用于不需要详细路径描述的 MOoP。内部层集成了每个空间的网格：用于平面移动的 2D 网格或用于无人机的 3D 网格。此级别适用于需要在包含家具、危险机械或笨重设备的空间内验证可靠路径的重物搬运工或自动移动车辆等 MOoP。我们开发了一个原型软件应用程序，它说明了我们在该项目之外生成的 BIM 模型中针对不同路径规划场景的方法。