Abstract In this study, the potential of osmotic backwashing was explored for the alleviation of the forward osmosis (FO) membrane fouling induced by landfill leachate. The normal osmotic backwashing employing NaCl as a draw solute resulted in an improved membrane flux (~ 4 LMH) and a reduction (45%) of the membrane resistance. We proposed an alternative way of osmotic backwashing based on the inherent osmotic potential of landfill leachate itself for the FO system. For the effort, intermittent osmotic relaxation (IOR) was newly introduced to the FO system to enhance the performance. This operation showed a comparable performance with fouling mitigation to the previous normal osmotic backwashing using NaCl as a draw solute. Under an optimized condition (4 h of filtration intervals and 20 min of backwashing time), the integration of the IOR with the FO system led to a 30% reduction in membrane resistance, a complete flux recovery, and 26% increment in the filtered volume. The IOR process does not require additional energy and/or chemical dosage. Therefore, it can be suggested as an innovative, practical, and energy-efficient osmotic backwashing strategy for a stable and the long-term operation of FO systems treating saline wastewater.

中文翻译：

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间歇渗透松弛：在处理垃圾渗滤液的正向渗透系统中减轻有机污染的策略

摘要 在这项研究中，探讨了渗透反冲洗在减轻垃圾渗滤液引起的正向渗透 (FO) 膜污染方面的潜力。使用 NaCl 作为驱动溶质的正常渗透反洗导致膜通量提高 (~ 4 LMH) 和膜阻力降低 (45%)。我们根据垃圾渗滤液本身对 FO 系统的固有渗透潜力提出了一种替代的渗透反冲洗方法。为此，FO 系统新引入了间歇性渗透松弛 (IOR) 以提高性能。该操作显示出与之前使用 NaCl 作为驱动溶质的正常渗透反洗相比，在减少结垢方面的性能相当。在优化条件下（过滤间隔为 4 小时，反冲洗时间为 20 分钟），IOR 与 FO 系统的集成使膜阻力降低了 30%，通量完全恢复，过滤量增加了 26%。IOR 过程不需要额外的能量和/或化学品剂量。因此，它可以作为一种创新的、实用的、节能的渗透反冲洗策略，用于处理含盐废水的 FO 系统的稳定和长期运行。