Documenting the influences of land-use change and time after conversion on soil respiration is fundamental to understanding the interplay between soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions. We conducted fortnightly in situ measurements of soil respiration (considered herein as both total respiration [R_total] and “root-free” basal respiration [R_basal]) along a land-use chronosequence: a native broad-leaf evergreen forest and three tea gardens (10, 40, and 100 years old) with similar characteristics of soil type and site management. Compared to the forest, soil organic carbon decreased by 7% in the 10-year-old tea garden, whereas it was similar in the 40-year-old tea garden and 18% higher in the 100-year-old tea garden; total N content increased by 35%, 44%, and 50% in the 10-, 40-, and 100-year-old tea gardens, respectively. The seasonal variation in R_total and R_basal could be 62–83% and 39–69% explained by the mixed model of soil temperature and water content, respectively. The temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) of R_total increased from 1.67 in the forest to 1.98 and 1.93 in the 10- and 40-year-old tea gardens, respectively, but decreased to 1.64 in the 100-year-old tea garden. The Q₁₀ of R_basal increased from 1.26 in the forest to 1.58–1.95 in the tea gardens. Annual CO₂ efflux of R_basal increased ~1.5 times, but the SOC-normalized R_basal was similar between the forest and the 100-year-old tea garden. We suggest that the loss of soil carbon storage would be compensated over a period of 40 years after the conversion of forests to tea gardens, and the time after conversion to tea gardens is an important ecological factor in mitigating the effects of land-use change.

记录土地利用变化和转化后的时间对土壤呼吸的影响，对于理解土壤碳固存与温室气体排放之间的相互作用至关重要。我们每两周对土壤呼吸进行一次原位测量（在此被视为总呼吸[ R _total ]和“无根”基础呼吸[ R _basal]）沿土地利用的时间顺序排列：原生的阔叶常绿森林和三个茶园（有10、40和100年的历史），具有相似的土壤类型和场地管理特征。与森林相比，具有10年历史的茶园的土壤有机碳下降了7％，而具有40年历史的茶园的土壤有机碳却相似，而具有100年历史的茶园的土壤有机碳却上升了18％。在10年，40年和100年历史的茶园中，总氮含量分别增加了35％，44％和50％。用土壤温度和水分的混合模型可以解释，R_总值和R_基值的季节变化分别为62-83％和39-69％。R_合计的温度灵敏度（Q ₁₀）从森林中的1.67增加到10年和40年历史的茶园的1.98和1.93，但下降到100年历史的茶园的1.64。该Q ₁₀的[R_基从1.26在森林中的茶园提高到1.58-1.95。R_基础的年度CO ₂外_排量增加了约1.5倍，但在森林和拥有100年历史的茶园之间，SOC标准化的R_基础相似。我们建议在森林转换为茶园后的40年内，可以补偿土壤碳储量的损失，而转换为茶园后的时间是减轻土地利用变化影响的重要生态因素。