Glucose-based self-blowing non-isocyanate polyurethanes foams were prepared in our previous work. They showed excellent properties comparable to commercial foams by just using a simple preparation procedure. These foams, nevertheless, present a critical drawback that is their flammability. In the research presented here a natural phenolic compound, condensed tannin, was tested as a flame-retardant to improve the fire resistance of glucose-based NIPU foams. A number of tannin-substituted glucose-based NIPU foams (mimosa tannin replacing glucose at 0%, 25% and 50%, respectively) were prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG), ignition experiment and limiting oxygen index (LOI). Other physical and mechanical properties, such as foaming processes, density, compression strength, etc. were also investigated. The results indicated that the tannin-modified glucose-based NIPU foams (T/G (1/3)-Fs and (T/G (1/1)-Fs)) exhibit smaller mean cell size, improved compression strength and higher density than (T/G (0/4)-Fs). The FT-IR analysis showed that urethane linkages were formed, the chemical structure of glucose-based NIPU foam being nonetheless preserved even if the glucose was partially replaced by the condensed tannin. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the presence of condensed tannin decreased the thermal stability of the tannin-glucose NIPU foam composites slightly. In addition, ignition experiments were also carried out in which the glucose-based NIPU foams with a condensed tannin showed longer burning time than neat (T/G (0/4)-Fs). Finally, limiting oxygen index (LOI) values from 17.5% to 25.5%, show a higher value with the increasing condensed tannin substitution.

在我们以前的工作中，制备了基于葡萄糖的自发泡非异氰酸酯聚氨酯泡沫。仅通过简单的制备过程，它们就显示出与商业泡沫相当的优异性能。但是，这些泡沫的主要缺点是易燃。在本文提出的研究中，对天然酚类化合物（缩合单宁）进行了阻燃测试，以提高葡萄糖基NIPU泡沫的耐火性。制备了许多单宁取代的葡萄糖基NIPU泡沫（含羞草单宁分别替代0％，25％和50％的葡萄糖），并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM），傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）进行了表征，热重分析（TG），点火实验和极限氧指数（LOI）。其他物理和机械性能，例如发泡过程，还研究了密度，抗压强度等。结果表明，单宁修饰的葡萄糖基NIPU泡沫（T / G（1/3）-Fs和（T / G（1/1）-Fs））显示出较小的平均泡孔尺寸，改善的压缩强度和较高的密度比（T / G（0/4）-Fs）。FT-IR分析表明，形成了氨基甲酸酯键，即使葡萄糖被缩合的单宁部分替代，葡萄糖基NIPU泡沫的化学结构仍然得以保留。热重分析表明，缩合单宁的存在会稍微降低单宁-葡萄糖NIPU泡沫复合材料的热稳定性。此外，还进行了点燃实验，其中具有缩合单宁的葡萄糖基NIPU泡沫的燃烧时间比纯净（T / G（0/4）-Fs）长。最后，极限氧指数（LOI）值从17开始。