This paper deals with the investigation of ultrasound (US) pretreatment of brewer's spent grain (BSG) as a means of releasing fermentable sugars, and the subsequent production of ethanol from this lignocellulosic biomass. Using response surface methodology (RSM), the influence of US power, time, temperature and biomass loading on fermentable sugar yield from BSG was studied. The optimal conditions were found to be 20% US power, 60 min, 26.3 °C, and 17.3% w/v of biomass in water. Under these conditions, an approximate 2.1-fold increase in reducing sugar yield (325 ± 6 mg/g of biomass) was achieved, relative to untreated BSG (151.1 ± 10 mg/g of biomass). In contrast to acid or alkaline pretreatment approaches, the use of water obviated the need for neutralization for the recovery of sugars. The characterization of native and pretreated BSG was performed by HPLC, FTIR, SEM and DSC. Fermentation studies using S. cerevisiae growing on pretreated BSG resulted in a conversion of 66% of the total sugar content ininto ethanol with an ethanol content of 17.73 ± 2 g/ 100 g of pretreated BSG. These results suggest that ultrasound pretreatment is a promising technology for increased valorization of BSG as a feedstock for production of bioethanol, and points ton the need for further work in this area.

中文翻译：

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超声预处理可提高啤酒糟的糖化程度的评估。

本文研究啤酒的废谷物（BSG）的超声（US）预处理作为释放可发酵糖的手段，以及随后从这种木质纤维素生物质中生产乙醇的研究。使用响应面方法（RSM），研究了美国功率，时间，温度和生物量负荷对BSG可发酵糖产量的影响。发现最佳条件是20％美国电力，60分钟，26.3°C和17.3％w / v的水中生物量。在这些条件下，相对于未经处理的BSG（151.1±10 mg / g生物质），还原糖产量（325±6 mg / g生物质）的增加约2.1倍。与酸或碱的预处理方法相比，水的使用消除了中和糖的回收需求。通过HPLC，FTIR，SEM和DSC对天然和预处理的BSG进行表征。使用在预处理的BSG上生长的酿酒酵母进行的发酵研究导致总糖含量的66％转化为乙醇，其中乙醇含量为17.73±2 g / 100 g的预处理BSG。这些结果表明，超声预处理是一种有前景的技术，可提高BSG作为生物乙醇生产原料的价值，并指出该领域需要进一步开展工作。