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Optimizing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) management under dry environments: A case study in the West Pampas of Argentina
Agricultural Water Management ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106092
A. Gastaldi , S. Alvarez Prado , J.A. Arduini , D.J. Miralles

Abstract Water shortage, caused by large variations in the amount, frequency and timing of rainfall during the crop cycle, is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting crop production. In this context, environmental variability represents a significant challenge for farmers as optimal management practices vary from season to season. The aim of this study was to optimize wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) management practices considering rainfall variability in the West sandy Pampas of Argentina. This region is characterized by a high annual rainfall variability with predominant summer rainfall and probable deficits during winter and early spring in analogy with many other regions around the world. Two commercial cultivars, commonly used by farmers, with different time to flowering (LF: late flowering; EF: early flowering), under three initial soil water conditions (well-watered, moderately-watered and dry conditions) at three sowing dates were simulated with CERES-WHEAT for a series of 39 years. Wheat yield was higher for the LF than the EF cultivar under average (LF = 5437 vs. EF=5112 kg ha−1) and no-water restriction years (LF = 7915 vs. EF=6956 kg ha−1), while the opposite was observed in dry years (EF = 4128 vs. LF=3255 kg ha−1). Reductions in grain yield were associated with reductions in grain number, mainly explained by a lower partitioning to reproductive organs, principally limited by water shortage. The LF cultivar used more water than the EF cultivar before anthesis depleting soil water reserves (p

中文翻译:

在干旱环境下优化小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) 管理:阿根廷西潘帕斯草原的案例研究

摘要 作物周期中降雨量、频率和时间的巨大变化引起的缺水是限制作物生产的主要非生物胁迫之一。在这种情况下,环境变化对农民来说是一个重大挑战,因为最佳管理实践因季节而异。本研究的目的是优化小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) 管理实践,考虑到阿根廷西部沙质潘帕斯草原的降雨变化。与世界上许多其他地区类似,该地区的特点是年降雨量变化很大,夏季降雨占主导地位,冬季和早春可能出现降雨量不足。农民常用的两个商业栽培品种,不同的开花时间(LF:晚花;EF:早花),在三个播种日期的三个初始土壤水分条件(充足浇水、适度浇水和干燥​​条件)下,用 CERES-WHEAT 模拟了 39 年的系列。在平均水平(LF = 5437 vs. EF=5112 kg ha-1)和无水限制年(LF = 7915 vs. EF=6956 kg ha-1)下,LF 的小麦产量高于 EF 品种,而在干旱年份观察到相反的情况(EF = 4128 vs. LF = 3255 kg ha-1)。谷物产量的减少与谷物数量的减少有关,主要是由于生殖器官的分配减少,主要是受缺水的限制。LF 品种比 EF 品种在花期耗尽土壤水分储备之前使用更多的水(p 在平均水平(LF = 5437 vs. EF=5112 kg ha-1)和无水限制年(LF = 7915 vs. EF=6956 kg ha-1)下,LF 的小麦产量高于 EF 品种,而在干旱年份观察到相反的情况(EF = 4128 vs. LF = 3255 kg ha-1)。谷物产量的减少与谷物数量的减少有关,主要是由于生殖器官的分配减少,主要是受缺水的限制。LF 品种比 EF 品种在花期耗尽土壤水分储备之前使用更多的水(p 在平均水平(LF = 5437 vs. EF=5112 kg ha-1)和无水限制年(LF = 7915 vs. EF=6956 kg ha-1)下,LF 的小麦产量高于 EF 品种,而在干旱年份观察到相反的情况(EF = 4128 vs. LF = 3255 kg ha-1)。谷物产量的减少与谷物数量的减少有关,主要是由于生殖器官的分配减少,主要是受缺水的限制。LF 品种比 EF 品种在花期耗尽土壤水分储备之前使用更多的水(p 主要是由于对生殖器官的分配较低,主要是受缺水限制。LF 品种比 EF 品种在花期耗尽土壤水分储备之前使用更多的水(p 主要是由于对生殖器官的分配较低,主要是受缺水限制。LF 品种比 EF 品种在花期耗尽土壤水分储备之前使用更多的水(p
更新日期:2020-04-01
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