Abstract The purpose of this research was threefold: to change the surface tension of an ore-leaching solution through adding surfactants, to improve the bioleaching of sulfide ore, and to strengthen the desulfurization effect of microorganisms on sulfide ore. Taking different types of surfactants in various concentrations as the impact factors, we evaluated their effect on the relationship between the change rate of surface tension, the attenuation coefficient of the surfactants, and the ore surface desulfurization rate. The experimental results indicate that when surfactants of different types and of different concentrations are added to an ore-leaching solution, they can change the solution’s surface tension by different degrees and can influence the effects of bacterial desulfurization. The experimental combination with the highest surface desulfurization rate had a dosage of bacterial agent (Thiobacillus acidophilus) of 40 mL, a desulfurization treatment time of 5 days, and a surfactant (Tween80) concentration of 0.1 %-a combination that achieved 31.68 % desulfurization. By this method, we effectively promoted the desulfurization effect of Thiobacillus acidophilus on sulfide ore and ultimately improved the leaching effect. We then used the best surfactant as the leaching aid in subsequent experiments on microbial leaching desulfurization. A three-dimensional reconstruction of the temperature field of an ore heap was conducted by simulating the dynamic self-heating process of the ore heap. The final results showed that the self-heating of the sulfide ore heap that we treated by desulfurizing bacteria was hindered to some extent, and therefore the goal of preventing the spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore was achieved.

中文翻译：

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表面活性剂强化硫化矿浸出的实验与理论研究

摘要 本研究的目的有三个：通过添加表面活性剂改变矿石浸出液的表面张力，改善硫化矿的生物浸出，加强微生物对硫化矿的脱硫作用。以不同浓度的不同类型表面活性剂为影响因素，评价其对表面张力变化率、表面活性剂衰减系数和矿石表面脱硫率之间关系的影响。实验结果表明，在矿石浸出液中加入不同种类、不同浓度的表面活性剂，会不同程度地改变溶液的表面张力，影响细菌脱硫的效果。表面脱硫率最高的实验组合，菌剂（嗜酸硫杆菌）用量为40mL，脱硫处理时间为5天，表面活性剂（吐温80）浓度为0.1%——达到31.68%脱硫的组合。通过这种方法，我们有效地提高了嗜酸硫杆菌对硫化矿的脱硫效果，最终提高了浸出效果。之后我们在微生物浸出脱硫实验中选用了最好的表面活性剂作为浸出助剂。通过模拟矿堆的动态自热过程，对矿堆的温度场进行三维重建。最终结果表明，我们经过脱硫菌处理的硫化矿堆的自热受到了一定程度的阻碍，