Ovaries (O) are specialized tissues that play critical roles in producing oocytes and hormones. The crustacean hepatopancreas (H) is a metabolic organ that plays important functions including absorption, storage of nutrients and vitellogenesis during growth and ovarian development. However, genetic information on the biological functions of the crustacean ovaries and hepatopancreas are limited. This study compared the transcriptome in the ovary and the hepatopancreas of female P. trituberculatus fed two different diets containing 0% (SL0) and 4% soybean lecithin (SL4), respectively during the growth and ovarian maturation stages by Illumina HiSeq4000 sequencer. The differences between ovary and hepatopancreas of P. trituberculatus were also compared at transcriptional level. A total of 55,667 unigenes were obtained with mean length of 962 bps across the four treatment groups (SL0_O, SL4_O, SL0_H and SL4_H). In ovary, there were 257 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SL0_O and SL4_O, with 145 down- and 112 up-regulated genes in the SL4_O group. Candidate genes involved in ovarian development were detected in SL4_H group. In hepatopancreas, 146 DEGs were found between SL0_H and SL4_H, including 43 down- and 103 up-regulated genes in the SL4_H group. The specific DEGs were mainly involved with lipid related metabolism pathways, including fat digestion and absorption, PPAR signaling pathway and insulin resistance. 14,725 DEGs were found in the comparison between SL0_O and SL4_H, including 7250 up- and 7475 down-regulated genes in the SL4_H group. The specific DEGs were mainly involved with lipid (fat digestion and absorption, linoleic acid metabolism), hormone (steroid hormone biosynthesis, ovarian steroidogenesis, etc), and amino acid (phenylalanine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, tyrosine) related metabolism pathways. Crabs fed the SL4 diet exhibited higher gene expression of cryptocyanin 1 (cc1), cryptocyanin 2 (cc2) and neuroparsin 1 (np1) in hepatopancreas and ovarian than those fed the SL0 diet, however, crab fed SL4 diet showed higher gene expression of fatty acid-binding protein 1 (fabp1), vitellogenin (vtg) and Delta-6 desaturase-like protein (fadsd6) in hepatopancreas than those fed the SL0 diet. Moreover, crabs fed the SL0 diet had lower gene expression of vtg, extracellular copper‑zinc superoxide dismutase (cuznsod) and estrogen sulfotransferase (ests) in ovary compared to those fed the diet containing 4% soybean lecithin. These results might provide important clues with respect to elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of phospholipid on the gonadal development and lipid metabolism of P. trituberculatus.

卵巢（O）是专门的组织，在产生卵母细胞和激素方面起着至关重要的作用。甲壳类肝胰腺（H）是一种代谢器官，在生长和卵巢发育过程中起着重要的功能，包括吸收，营养物质的储存和卵黄发生。但是，有关甲壳动物卵巢和肝胰腺生物学功能的遗传信息有限。本研究比较了雌性P的卵巢和肝胰腺的转录组。疣梭子蟹喂食含有0％（SL0）和4％大豆卵磷脂（SL4）的两个不同的饮食，分别通过Illumina HiSeq4000序生长和卵巢发育阶段中。卵巢和肝胰脏之间的差异P。三角管在转录水平上也进行了比较。在四个治疗组（SL0_O，SL4_O，SL0_H和SL4_H）中获得了总共56,67个单基因，平均长度为962 bps。在卵巢中，SL0_O和SL4_O之间有257个差异表达基因（DEG），SL4_O组中有145个下调基因和112个上调基因。SL4_H组检测到与卵巢发育有关的候选基因。在肝胰腺中，在SL0_H和SL4_H之间发现了146个DEG，包括SL4_H组中的43个下调基因和103个上调基因。特定的DEG主要与脂质相关的代谢途径有关，包括脂肪的消化吸收，PPAR信号传导途径和胰岛素抵抗。在SL0_O和SL4_H之间的比较中发现了14,725个DEG，包括SL4_H组中的7250个上调基因和7475个下调基因。特定的DEG主要涉及脂质（脂肪的消化吸收，亚油酸代谢），激素（类固醇激素的生物合成，卵巢类固醇生成等）和氨基酸（苯丙氨酸的代谢，精氨酸的生物合成，酪氨酸）相关的代谢途径。饲喂SL4日粮的螃蟹显示了隐花青素1（cc1），隐花青素2（cc2）和神经素1（np1）在肝胰腺和卵巢中的含量均高于SL0日粮，但是以SL4日粮喂养的蟹显示脂肪酸结合蛋白1（fabp1），卵黄蛋白原（vtg）的基因表达更高。和饲喂SL0日粮的人相比，肝胰腺中的Delta-6和去饱和酶样蛋白（fadsd6）含量更高。此外，蟹饲喂SL0饮食具有降低的基因表达VTG，胞外铜-锌超氧化物歧化酶（CuZnSOD的）和雌激素磺（EST序列）与饲喂含4％大豆卵磷脂的日粮相比）。这些结果可能为阐明磷脂调节P的性腺发育和脂质代谢的分子机制提供重要线索。三角管。