Permanently polarized Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) films have been used on a variety of spacecraft as in situ dust detectors to measure the size and spatial distributions of micron and sub-micron dust particles. The detectors produce a short electric pulse when impacted by a hypervelocity dust particle. The pulse amplitude depends on the mass and relative speed of the dust grain. This relationship has been studied both empirically and numerically to better understand the film's principle of operation, as well as the effects of film thickness, film temperature, and particle penetration depth. However, little work has been done to constrain the effects of varying particle density and incidence angle despite the frequent occurrence of such configurations in most space-based applications. We present calibrations of non-penetrating impacts on 28 μm thick films at varying incidence angles ranging from 0° to 75° for iron and aluminum particles in the mass and speed range of 10-12 ≤ m ≤ 10-8 g and 0.5 ≤ v ≤ 7 km/s, respectively. The study was carried out at the 3 MV dust accelerator laboratory at the University of Colorado at Boulder. The results show that PVDF signals are largely independent of particle density and incidence angle up to 75° for non-penetrating impacts.

中文翻译：

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响应变化的颗粒密度和入射角校准聚偏二氟乙烯粉尘探测器

永久偏振聚偏二氟乙烯 (PVDF) 薄膜已在各种航天器上用作原位灰尘探测器，以测量微米和亚微米灰尘颗粒的大小和空间分布。当受到超高速尘埃粒子的撞击时，探测器会产生一个短电脉冲。脉冲幅度取决于尘埃颗粒的质量和相对速度。为了更好地理解薄膜的工作原理，以及薄膜厚度、薄膜温度和颗粒渗透深度的影响，已经通过经验和数值研究了这种关系。然而，尽管在大多数基于空间的应用中经常出现这种配置，但很少有工作来限制变化的粒子密度和入射角的影响。我们对质量和速度范围为 10-12 ≤ m ≤ 10-8 g 和 0.5 ≤ v 的铁和铝颗粒在 0° 到 75° 的不同入射角下对 28 μm 厚薄膜的非穿透性影响进行校准≤ 7 公里/秒，分别。该研究是在科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的 3 MV 粉尘加速器实验室进行的。结果表明，对于非穿透性冲击，PVDF 信号在很大程度上独立于粒子密度和高达 75° 的入射角。