BACKGROUND Information about renal diseases in children is available from national registries of renal biopsies. Aim of the study was to compare the clinical presentation of glomerular diseases and tubulointerstitial space diseases with pathohistological diagnosis of indicated renal biopsies from pediatric population in the Croatian region of Dalmatia. METHODS Out of 231 pediatric patients with suspected glomerular and tubulointerstitial diseases, 54 underwent ultrasound-guided renal biopsy at University Hospital of Split. Kidney allograft biopsy, and re-biopsy were excluded. The biopsy sections were examined under light microscopy, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. The data was reviewed to determine the pathohistological spectrum and clinicopathologic correlations. We retrospectively analyzed kidney biopsy data from 2008 to 2017 and compared them to that between 1995 and 2005. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 9.84 ± 5.4 years. Male:female ratio was 1.2:1. The main indications for biopsy were pure nephrotic syndrome without hematuria (25.9%), non-nephrotic proteinuria with haematuria (22.2%), nephritic syndrome with nephrotic proteinuria (18.5%), and isolated hematuria (16.7%). The most common pathohistological findings were IgA nephropathy (IgAN, 24.1%), minimal change disease (MCD, 16.7%), Henoch-Schönlein purpura glomerulonephritis (HSPN, 14.8%), Alport syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (AS and FSGS, 11.1% each), tubulointerstitial nephritis and membranous glomerulopathy (TIN and MGN, 3.7% each), while other cases were diagnosed rarely. CONCLUSIONS Changes in epidemiology of renal diseases in children between the analyzed periods showed an increasing trend of IgAN, MCD, HSPN, AS and FSGS, while mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MesPGN) and endoproliferative glomerulonephritis (EDGN) showed a decreasing trend that can be explained with the new pathohistological classification.

中文翻译：

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克罗地亚南部地区10年期小儿肾脏活检的流行病学。

背景技术关于儿童肾脏疾病的信息可从肾脏活检的国家登记处获得。这项研究的目的是比较肾小球疾病和肾小管间质性空间疾病的临床表现与克罗地亚达尔马提亚地区小儿的肾脏活检标本的病理组织学诊断。方法在231例疑似肾小球和肾小管间质疾病的儿科患者中，有54例在斯普利特大学医院接受了超声引导下的肾脏活检。排除肾脏同种异体活检和再次活检。在光学显微镜，免疫荧光和电子显微镜下检查活检切片。审查数据以确定病理组织学频谱和临床病理相关性。我们回顾性分析了2008年至2017年的肾脏活检数据，并将其与1995年至2005年的数据进行了比较。结果患者的平均年龄为9.84±5.4岁。男女之比为1.2：1。活检的主要指征是无血尿的纯肾病综合征（25.9％），有血尿的非肾病蛋白尿（22.2％），有肾病蛋白尿的肾病综合征（18.5％）和孤立的血尿（16.7％）。最常见的病理组织学发现是IgA肾病（IgAN，24.1％），微小变化疾病（MCD，16.7％），Henoch-Schönlein紫癜性肾小球肾炎（HSPN，14.8％），Alport综合征和局灶性节段性肾小球硬化（AS和FSGS，11.1％）每例），肾小管间质性肾炎和膜性肾小球病（TIN和MGN，每例3.7％），而其他病例很少被诊断。