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Finally, how many efficiencies the supercomputers have?
The Journal of Supercomputing ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-27 , DOI: 10.1007/s11227-020-03210-4
János Végh

Using extremely large number of processing elements in computing systems leads to unexpected phenomena, such as different efficiencies of the same system for different tasks, that cannot be explained in the frame of the classical computing paradigm. The introduced simple non-technical model enables to set up a frame and formalism needed to explain the unexpected experiences around supercomputing. The paper shows that the degradation of the efficiency of the parallelized sequential system is a natural consequence of the computing paradigm, rather than an engineering imperfectness. The workload is greatly responsible for wasting the energy as well as limiting the size and the type of tasks the supercomputers can run. Case studies provide insight how different contributions compete for dominating the resulting payload performance of the computing system and how enhancing the technology made the computing + communication the dominating contribution in defining the efficiency of supercomputers. The model also enables to derive predictions about the supercomputer performance limitations for the near future and provides hints for enhancing the supercomputer components. The phenomena show interesting parallels with the phenomena experienced in science more than a century ago, and through their studying, a modern science was developed.

中文翻译:

最后,超级计算机有多少效率?

在计算系统中使用极其大量的处理元件会导致意想不到的现象,例如同一系统对不同任务的效率不同,这在经典计算范式的框架中是无法解释的。引入的简单非技术模型能够建立一个框架和形式主义,以解释围绕超级计算的意外体验。论文表明,并行化顺序系统的效率下降是计算范式的自然结果,而不是工程上的不完善。工作负载是浪费能源以及限制超级计算机可以运行的任务的大小和类型的主要原因。案例研究提供了洞察力,不同的贡献如何竞争主导计算系统的最终有效载荷性能,以及增强技术如何使计算 + 通信成为定义超级计算机效率的主要贡献。该模型还能够得出有关近期超级计算机性能限制的预测,并为增强超级计算机组件提供提示。这些现象与一个多世纪前科学中所经历的现象显示出有趣的相似之处,通过他们的研究,现代科学得以发展。该模型还能够得出有关近期超级计算机性能限制的预测,并为增强超级计算机组件提供提示。这些现象与一个多世纪前科学中所经历的现象显示出有趣的相似之处,通过他们的研究,现代科学得以发展。该模型还能够得出有关近期超级计算机性能限制的预测,并为增强超级计算机组件提供提示。这些现象与一个多世纪前科学中所经历的现象显示出有趣的相似之处,通过他们的研究,现代科学得以发展。
更新日期:2020-02-27
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