BACKGROUND To the authors' knowledge, there are limited data regarding the epidemiology of malignant appendiceal tumors. It remains unknown whether the previously reported trends are occurring in different countries and/or continuing in recent years and/or whether they are possibly due to increasing rates of appendectomies. In the current study, the authors investigated the patterns and time trends of malignant appendiceal tumor diagnosis by age group, sex, stage of disease, and histology in Canada and the United States and concomitant rates of appendectomies in Canada. METHODS The Canadian Cancer Registry and the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results incidence databases were used to identify incident patients of malignant appendiceal tumors in the 2 countries between 1992 and 2016. The Canadian national hospitals Discharge Abstract Database was used to identify appendectomies performed between 2004 and 2015. Joinpoint regression analyses were performed to determine time trends. RESULTS There was an overall increase in the incidence of malignant appendiceal tumors of 232% in the United States and 292% in Canada between 2000 and 2016. The increase was noted for malignant adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine appendiceal tumors in both countries. The increase occurred across all age groups, sexes, and stages of disease. The highest rate of increase was noted for appendiceal neuroendocrine malignant tumors diagnosed among the youngest age groups. The rate of appendectomies was stable in the recent time periods, resulting in a decreasing rate of appendectomies per malignant appendiceal tumor diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of malignant appendiceal tumor is continuing to increase, which is not likely due to the increasing diagnosis of asymptomatic tumors at the time of appendectomies.

中文翻译：

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在加拿大和美国，恶性阑尾肿瘤的发病率持续上升：一项基于人群的研究。

背景技术据作者所知，关于恶性阑尾肿瘤的流行病学数据有限。尚不清楚先前报告的趋势是否在不同国家发生和/或在近几年持续，和/或是否可能是由于阑尾切除术的发病率增加所致。在当前的研究中，作者调查了加拿大和美国按年龄组，性别，疾病阶段和组织学以及加拿大阑尾切除术的伴随率对恶性阑尾肿瘤进行诊断的方式和时间趋势。方法使用加拿大癌症登记处以及美国监测，流行病学和最终结果发病率数据库来鉴定1992年至2016年这2个国家/地区的恶性阑尾肿瘤患者。加拿大国家医院出院摘要数据库用于确定2004年至2015年之间进行的阑尾切除术。进行了联合点回归分析以确定时间趋势。结果2000年至2016年间，美国的阑尾恶性肿瘤总发生率分别为232％和加拿大的292％。这两个国家的恶性腺癌和神经内分泌阑尾肿瘤均呈上升趋势。这种增加发生在所有年龄段，性别和疾病阶段。在最年轻的年龄组中诊断出的阑尾神经内分泌恶性肿瘤的增加率最高。阑尾切除术的发生率在最近一段时间是稳定的，导致每次恶性阑尾肿瘤诊断的阑尾切除术的发生率下降。