OBJECTIVE Imaging studies of major depressive disorder have reported structural and functional abnormalities in a variety of spatially diverse brain regions. Quantitative meta-analyses of this literature, however, have failed to find statistically significant between-study spatial convergence, other than transdiagnostic-only effects. In the present study, the authors applied a novel multimodal meta-analytic approach to test the hypothesis that major depression exhibits spatially convergent structural and functional brain abnormalities. METHODS This coordinate-based meta-analysis included voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies and resting-state voxel-based pathophysiology (VBP) studies of blood flow, glucose metabolism, regional homogeneity, and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF). Input data were grouped into three primary meta-analytic classes: gray matter atrophy, increased function, and decreased function in patients with major depression relative to healthy control subjects. In secondary meta-analyses, the data were grouped across primary categories, and in tertiary analyses, by medication status and absence of psychiatric comorbidity. Activation likelihood estimation was used for all analyses. RESULTS A total of 92 publications reporting 152 experiments were identified, collectively representing 2,928 patients with major depressive disorder. The primary analyses detected no convergence across studies. The secondary analyses identified portions of the subgenual cingulate cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and putamen as demonstrating convergent abnormalities. The tertiary analyses (clinical subtypes) showed improved convergence relative to the secondary analyses. CONCLUSIONS Coordinate-based meta-analysis identified spatially convergent structural (VBM) and functional (VBP) abnormalities in major depression. The findings suggest replicable neuroimaging features associated with major depression, beyond the transdiagnostic effects reported in previous meta-analyses, and support a continued research focus on the subgenual cingulate and other selected regions' role in depression.

中文翻译：

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重度抑郁症患者大脑结构和功能的多模式异常：神经影像学研究的荟萃分析。

目的 重度抑郁症的影像学研究报告了各种空间不同的大脑区域的结构和功能异常。然而，该文献的定量荟萃分析未能发现具有统计学意义的研究间空间收敛，而不是跨诊断效应。在本研究中，作者应用了一种新的多模态荟萃分析方法来检验重度抑郁症表现出空间收敛的大脑结构和功能异常的假设。方分数 ALFF (fALFF)。输入数据被分为三个主要的荟萃分析类别：与健康对照组相比，重度抑郁症患者的灰质萎缩、功能增加和功能下降。在二级荟萃分析中，数据按主要类别分组，在三级分析中，数据按药物治疗状况和是否存在精神疾病合并症进行分组。激活可能性估计用于所有分析。结果 共确定了报告 152 项实验的 92 篇出版物，共代表 2,928 名重度抑郁症患者。主要分析发现研究之间没有趋同。二次分析将膝下扣带皮层、海马体、杏仁核和壳核的部分确定为显示会聚异常。三级分析（临床亚型）显示相对于二级分析的收敛性有所改善。结论 基于坐标的荟萃分析确定了重度抑郁症的空间收敛结构 (VBM) 和功能 (VBP) 异常。研究结果表明，与重度抑郁症相关的可复制神经影像学特征超出了先前荟萃分析中报告的跨诊断效应，并支持继续研究膝下扣带回和其他选定区域在抑郁症中的作用。