Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract diseases in infants and young children, with potentially serious and fatal consequences associated with severe infections. Despite extensive research efforts invested in the identification of therapeutic measures, no vaccine is currently available, while treatment options are limited to ribavirin and palivizumab, which both present significant limitations. While clinical and pre-clinical candidates mainly target the viral fusion protein, the nucleocapsid protein or the viral polymerase, our focus has been the identification of new antiviral compounds targeting the viral M2-1 protein, thanks to the presence of a zinc-ejecting group in their chemical structure. Starting from an anti-RSV hit we had previously identified with an in silico structure-based approach, we have designed, synthesised and evaluated a new series of dithiocarbamate analogues, with which we have explored the antiviral activity of this scaffold. The findings presented in this work may provide the basis for the identification of a new antiviral lead to treat RSV infections.

中文翻译：

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旨在针对M2-1蛋白的RSV新潜在抗病毒药物的合理修饰，合成和生物学评估。

呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是婴幼儿下呼吸道疾病的主要原因，其与严重感染相关的潜在严重和致命后果。尽管在确定治疗措施方面投入了大量的研究努力，但目前尚无疫苗可用，而治疗选择仅限于利巴韦林和帕利珠单抗，两者均存在明显的局限性。尽管临床和临床前候选药物主要靶向病毒融合蛋白，核衣壳蛋白或病毒聚合酶，但由于存在一个喷锌基团，我们的重点是鉴定靶向病毒M2-1蛋白的新抗病毒化合物在化学结构上。从抗RSV攻击开始，我们之前已经使用基于计算机模拟结构的方法确定了该方法，我们设计，合成和评估了一系列新的二硫代氨基甲酸酯类似物，并以此为基础探索了该支架的抗病毒活性。这项工作中提出的发现可能为鉴定治疗RSV感染的新抗病毒药物提供依据。