Abstract Marine plastic pollution has become a prominent environmental issue in the recent years. Plastic ingestion is of special concern, as its magnitude and consequences for marine organisms and potentially humans are still largely unknown. We reviewed 93 papers on plastic ingestion by wild marine fish published since 1972. Plastic ingestion was detected in 323 (65%) of 494 examined fish species, and in 262 (67%) of 391 examined commercial fish species. These proportions are likely greater, as a detailed analysis of the sampling effort and analytical methods used in the reviewed studies suggests an underestimation of plastic ingestion in some assessments. A significant positive relationship (R = + 0.845, p = 0.004) was found between the sample size up to N = 10 and the detection of plastic ingestion. We also found significant differences in detection and frequency of occurrence (FO, %) of plastic ingestion among the three main types of analytical methods: naked-eye, microscopic analysis and chemical digestion. The chemical digestion method, which is also the most robust laboratory method, had the greatest detection (86%) and the highest FO (37.6 ± 0.6%). To avoid the underestimation of plastic ingestion in future work, we provided recommendations for sample sizes and laboratory analysis.

中文翻译：

---

海洋鱼类在野外摄入塑料

摘要 海洋塑料污染已成为近年来突出的环境问题。塑料摄入受到特别关注，因为其对海洋生物和潜在人类的严重程度和后果在很大程度上仍然未知。我们回顾了自 1972 年以来发表的 93 篇关于野生海洋鱼类摄入塑料的论文。在 494 种受检鱼类中的 323 种 (65%) 和 391 种受检商业鱼类中的 262 种 (67%) 中检测到塑料摄入。这些比例可能更大，因为对所审查研究中使用的抽样工作和分析方法的详细分析表明，在某些评估中低估了塑料摄入量。在 N = 10 以内的样本量与塑料摄入检测之间发现了显着的正相关关系 (R = + 0.845, p = 0.004)。我们还发现三种主要类型的分析方法（肉眼分析、显微分析和化学消化）在塑料摄入的检测和发生频率（FO，%）方面存在显着差异。化学消解方法也是最可靠的实验室方法，检测率最高 (86%) 和 FO (37.6 ± 0.6%)。为了避免在未来的工作中低估塑料摄入量，我们提供了样本大小和实验室分析的建议。