Aerogels owe their high thermal insulation and other unique properties to their nanostructure configuration. However, controlling the aerogels' morphology is always a scientific challenge. In this study, double dianhydride backbone (double backbone) polyimide aerogels with tailored nanostructure assembly are created for the first time. This is achieved by controlled polymerization reaction of oligomers with distinct dianhydride monomers. Combining the two oligomers through a controlled polymerization reaction is a successful strategy for tailoring the aerogels nanostructure assembly as well as other properties. The fabricated double backbone aerogel presents 40% reduced thermal conductivity of 19.7 mW mK⁻¹ over previously studied polyimide aerogels along with the compression modulus of 1.64 MPa at a relatively low density of 0.068 g cm⁻³. Such low thermal conductivity is comparable with the inorganic counterparts. Light in weight and high thermally insulated polyimide aerogels with suitable mechanical properties and high service temperature are an appropriate replacement for current fireproof insulation materials.

中文翻译：

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具有高温隔热性能的双二酐骨干聚酰亚胺气凝胶

气凝胶由于其纳米结构的构造而具有高度的隔热性和其他独特的性能。但是，控制气凝胶的形态始终是一项科学挑战。在这项研究中，首次创建了具有定制纳米结构组装的双二酐骨架（双骨架）聚酰亚胺气凝胶。这是通过低聚物与不同的二酐单体的受控聚合反应来实现的。通过控制聚合反应将两种低聚物结合在一起是调整气凝胶纳米结构组装以及其他性能的成功策略。制成的双骨架气凝胶的热导率降低了40％，为19.7 mW mK ^-1在先前研究过的聚酰亚胺气凝胶上的压缩模量为1.64 MPa，密度相对较低，为0.068 g cm ^-3。如此低的导热率与无机物相当。具有合适的机械性能和较高的使用温度的轻质高隔热聚酰亚胺气凝胶是目前耐火隔热材料的合适替代品。