Unraveling the genetic changes in adaptive evolution is a long-standing problem in biology [1]. Recent genome-wide studies provide unprecedented power to shed light on this fundamental question. High altitude represents life-threatening environmental conditions, such as hypobaric hypoxia, variable thermal regimes and strong ultraviolet radiation. As one of the thriving fields in evolutionary genomics, research on human [2] and wild organisms [3] at high altitude has contributed to our understanding on the genetic basis of such adaptations. In this issue of National Science Review, Qu et al. [4] provide an integrative exploration on phenotypic and genetic changes associated with a recent colonization in the Tibetan Plateau of an anthrodependent taxon: the Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus).

中文翻译：

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麻雀扑腾的高海拔适应

解开适应性进化中的遗传变化是生物学中一个长期存在的问题[1]。最近的全基因组研究提供了前所未有的力量来阐明这个基本问题。高海拔代表危及生命的环境条件，例如低压缺氧、可变热状态和强紫外线辐射。作为进化基因组学中蓬勃发展的领域之一，对高海拔人类[2]和野生生物[3]的研究有助于我们了解这种适应的遗传基础。在本期《国家科学评论》中，曲等人。[4] 对与人类依赖类群：欧亚树麻雀（路人蒙塔努斯）。