The electronic structures of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) has a strong dependency on the d‐band electrons of the central metal (M) atom. In particular, trigonal prismatic coordinated (2H) and octahedral coordinated (1T) phases with distinct crystal structure‐property relationships. Extraordinarily diverse electrical properties ranging from semiconducting, semimetallic to intrinsic metallic basically underlie from different Fermi level locations. Amid all TMDs, most specifically metallic VX₂ possess plenty of interesting physical properties among them superconductivity, electrical conductivity, charge density wave, optical and magnetism etc. have offered intriguing applications in the fields of condensed matter physics, materials and device physics over the last few decades. Further modification of these materials by defect engineering, Li intercalation, electron beam/light irradiation, alloying and dimensional tuning can lead several tunable device applications. Due to their superior mechanical flexibility, controllable electrical properties, planar fabrication and high surface to volume ratio etc., 2D metallic TMDs materials emerge as active material for sensing, energy storage, conversion and field emission applications. This review article aims to provide the insights on the recent developments of different emerging properties, growth approaches and applications of 2D metallic VX₂ (X = S, Se and Te) and its heterojunctions.

中文翻译：

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金属二维层状二硫属钒化物的新兴性质，生长方法和先进应用的最新进展

过渡金属二硫化碳（TMD）的电子结构对中心金属（M）原子的d带电子有很强的依赖性。特别是具有明显的晶体结构-性质关系的三棱柱配位（2H）和八面体配位（1T）相。从半导体，半金属到本征金属的极其不同的电特性基本上来自不同的费米能级位置。在所有TMD中，最特别的是金属VX ₂拥有许多有趣的物理特性，其中包括超导性，导电性，电荷密度波，光学和磁性等。在过去的几十年中，它们在凝聚态物理，材料和设备物理领域中提供了有趣的应用。通过缺陷工程，锂离子嵌入，电子束/光辐照，合金化和尺寸调整对这些材料进行进一步的修改，可导致多种可调器件的应用。由于其出色的机械柔韧性，可控的电性能，平面制造和高的表面体积比等，二维金属TMDs材料成为了用于传感，能量存储，转换和场发射应用的活性材料。这篇评论文章旨在提供有关不同新兴物业的最新发展的见解，₂（X = S，Se和Te）及其异质结。