Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) mediate the entry of Ca2+ ions into cells in response to membrane depolarization and play fundamental roles in the nervous system, and the α1 subunits are the main subunits of Ca2+ channels. Caenorhabditis elegans possesses genes encoding α1 subunits; however, very few of these genes have been cloned in plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs). Ditylenchus destructor is a PPN that has been proposed as a new model for studying the biology and control of PPNs. To understand the structure and function of the VGCCs of this PPN, we first cloned and identified three full-length cDNAs of VGCC α1 subunit genes in D. destructor with the defining structural and conserved features of Cav1 (L-type), Cav2 (non-L-type) and Cav3 (T-type). In situ hybridization assays demonstrated that the Cav1 VGCC α1 subunit gene (DdCα1D) was expressed within body wall muscles. The Cav2 VGCC α1 subunit (DdCα1A) was expressed in the oesophageal gland, vulva and vas deferens of the worm, and the Cav3 VGCC α1 subunit (DdCα1G) was localized to the oesophagus and median bulb. In addition, on the basis of the in vitro knockdown of L-, non-L- and T-type genes via RNAi, these genes were predicted to play a key role in the modulation of locomotion, feeding and reproduction. After the silencing of DdCα1G, the median bulb muscle of D. destructor was obviously contracted, and its feeding and reproduction abilities were significantly inhibited. This study provides insight into the structure and function of VGCC α1 subunits in D. destructor.

中文翻译：

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Ditylenchus破坏者电压门控钙通道α1亚基的分子表征和其敲除对线虫活性的影响分析。

电压门控钙通道（VGCC）响应膜去极化而介导Ca2 +离子进入细胞，并在神经系统中起基本作用，而α1亚基是Ca2 +通道的主要亚基。秀丽隐杆线虫拥有编码α1亚基的基因。然而，这些基因中很少有被克隆到植物寄生线虫（PPN）中的。Ditylenchus破坏物是一种PPN，已被提议作为研究PPN生物学和控制的新模型。为了了解该PPN的VGCC的结构和功能，我们首先克隆并鉴定了D. destructor中VGCCα1亚基基因的三个全长cDNA，具有Cav1（L型），Cav2（非Cav1）的定义结构和保守特征。 -L型）和Cav3（T型）。原位杂交分析表明，Cav1 VGCCα1亚基基因（DdCα1D）在体壁肌肉中表达。Cav2 VGCCα1亚基（DdCα1A）在蠕虫的食道腺，外阴和输精管中表达，Cav3 VGCCα1亚基（DdCα1G）定位于食道和正中球。此外，基于通过RNAi对L型，非L型和T型基因进行体外敲除的基础，预测这些基因在调节运动，进食和繁殖中起关键作用。DdCα1G沉默后，D。destructor的正中球肌明显收缩，其摄食和繁殖能力受到明显抑制。这项研究提供了深入了解D.破坏者中VGCCα1亚基的结构和功能。Cav2 VGCCα1亚基（DdCα1A）在蠕虫的食道腺，外阴和输精管中表达，Cav3 VGCCα1亚基（DdCα1G）定位于食道和正中球。此外，基于通过RNAi对L型，非L型和T型基因进行体外敲除的基础，预测这些基因在调节运动，进食和繁殖中起关键作用。DdCα1G沉默后，D。destructor的正中球肌明显收缩，其摄食和繁殖能力受到明显抑制。这项研究提供了深入了解D.破坏者中VGCCα1亚基的结构和功能。Cav2 VGCCα1亚基（DdCα1A）在蠕虫的食道腺，外阴和输精管中表达，Cav3 VGCCα1亚基（DdCα1G）定位于食道和正中球。此外，基于通过RNAi对L型，非L型和T型基因进行体外敲除的基础，预测这些基因在调节运动，进食和繁殖中起关键作用。DdCα1G沉默后，D。destructor的正中球肌明显收缩，其摄食和繁殖能力受到明显抑制。这项研究提供了深入了解D.破坏者中VGCCα1亚基的结构和功能。基于通过RNAi对L型，非L型和T型基因进行体外敲除的基础，预测这些基因在调节运动，进食和繁殖中起关键作用。DdCα1G沉默后，D。destructor的正中球肌明显收缩，其摄食和繁殖能力受到明显抑制。这项研究提供了深入了解D.破坏者中VGCCα1亚基的结构和功能。基于通过RNAi对L型，非L型和T型基因进行体外敲除的基础，预测这些基因在调节运动，进食和繁殖中起关键作用。DdCα1G沉默后，D。destructor的正中球肌明显收缩，其摄食和繁殖能力受到明显抑制。这项研究提供了深入了解D.破坏者中VGCCα1亚基的结构和功能。