Aging is a modifiable risk factor for most chronic diseases and an inevitable process in humans. The development of pharmacological interventions aimed at delaying or preventing the onset of chronic conditions and other age-related diseases has been at the forefront of the aging field. Preclinical findings have demonstrated that species, sex and strain confer significant heterogeneity on reaching the desired health- and lifespan-promoting pharmacological responses in model organisms. Translating the safety and efficacy of these interventions to humans and the lack of reliable biomarkers that serve as predictors of health outcomes remain a challenge. Here, we will survey current pharmacological interventions that promote lifespan extension and/or increased healthspan in animals and humans, and review the various anti-aging interventions selected for inclusion in the NIA’s Interventions Testing Program as well as the ClinicalTrials.gov database that target aging or age-related diseases in humans.

衰老是大多数慢性疾病的可改变风险因素，也是人类不可避免的过程。旨在延缓或预防慢性病和其他与年龄有关的疾病发作的药物干预措施的开发一直处于衰老领域的前沿。临床前研究结果表明，物种，性别和菌株在模型生物中达到所需的健康和延长寿命的药理反应具有明显的异质性。将这些干预措施的安全性和有效性转化为人类，以及缺乏可靠的生物标志物来预测健康结果仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们将调查当前促进动物和人类寿命延长和/或健康提高的药理干预措施，