Abstract Deck machinery that is driven by hydraulic motor is a key part for ship exploration in polar area. The reliability of hydraulic motor which works as the key power source of deck machinery is concerned by manufacturers, especially under very low temperature. The low temperature friction characteristics is one of the important factors that influence the reliability of the motor. In this paper, the hydraulic vane motor in deck machinery was taken as the research object. The friction test of the vane head which was made of polyimide (SP21, E.I.Du Pont Company) and the stator, which is made of nodular cast iron(brand is QT350-22L, ISO 1083:2004), was carried out by using the low-temperature tribology tester. Wear tests were performed using a pin-on-disc structure under five different temperatures (−10 °C,-20 °C,-30 °C,-40 °C and −50 °C) and three different loads (300N, 450N and 600N) respectively. In order to analyze the wear mechanism of the friction test specimen under different condition, the surface morphology figures of specimen were got by digital microscope system (DMS). The experiment results showed temperature and load have a great influence to the friction coefficient. With temperature decreasing, the friction coefficient does not change linearly, because the mechanical properties of specimen material and the lubrication medium varied significantly in low temperature. Moreover, typical wear and tear patterns are different in different working temperatures. Therefore, the failure mechanism of the hydraulic motor was summarized. The research can not only optimize the design of hydraulic motor, but also provide reference data for the establishment of online intelligent fault diagnosis system of marine deck machinery.

中文翻译：

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低环境温度下液压叶片马达叶片头/定子的摩擦学特性

摘要 液压马达驱动的甲板机械是极地船舶勘探的关键部件。作为甲板机械关键动力源的液压马达的可靠性受到制造商的关注，尤其是在极低温度下。低温摩擦特性是影响电机可靠性的重要因素之一。本文以甲板机械中的液压叶片马达为研究对象。采用聚酰亚胺（SP21，EIDu Pont公司）制成的叶片头和球墨铸铁（牌号为QT350-22L，ISO 1083：2004）制成的定子，采用低-温度摩擦学测试仪。在五种不同温度（-10 °C、-20 °C、-30 °C、-40 °C 和 -50 °C）和三种不同的负载（300N、450N 和 600N）。为了分析摩擦试件在不同条件下的磨损机理，采用数码显微系统（DMS）获取了试件的表面形貌图。实验结果表明，温度和载荷对摩擦系数有很大影响。随着温度的降低，摩擦系数不是线性变化的，因为试样材料和润滑介质的机械性能在低温下变化很大。此外，典型的磨损模式在不同的工作温度下是不同的。因此，总结了液压马达的故障机理。该研究不仅可以优化液压马达的设计，